{"id":1647,"date":"2024-11-03T20:37:02","date_gmt":"2024-11-03T12:37:02","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blue.yn.cn\/?p=1647"},"modified":"2025-01-06T21:24:21","modified_gmt":"2025-01-06T13:24:21","slug":"proql%e5%85%a5%e9%97%a8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/blue.yn.cn\/?p=1647","title":{"rendered":"PromQL\u5165\u95e8"},"content":{"rendered":"<h3>PromQL\u57fa\u7840\u6982\u5ff5<\/h3>\n<h4>\u4ec0\u4e48\u662fPromQL<\/h4>\n<p><code>prometheus<\/code>\u5185\u7f6e\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u8bed\u8a00\uff1a<code>PromQL<\/code>\uff0c\u5373<code>prometheus query language<\/code>\u3002<br \/>\n<code>PromQL<\/code>\u5141\u8bb8\u7528\u6237\u5b9e\u65f6\u67e5\u8be2\u76d1\u63a7\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5e76\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u6267\u884c\u590d\u6742\u7684\u805a\u5408\u548c\u8ba1\u7b97\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728<code>PromQL<\/code>\uff0c\u67e5\u8be2\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a<strong>\u5411\u91cf<\/strong>\uff08<code>vector<\/code>\uff09\uff0c\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u5373\u65f6\u5411\u91cf\uff08<code>instant vector<\/code>\uff09\uff1a\u5373\u65f6\u5411\u91cf\u67e5\u8be2\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u662f\u4e00\u7ec4\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4f46\u6bcf\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u4e2d\u53ea\u5305\u542b\u5355\u4e2a\u7684\u6700\u65b0\u6570\u636e\u70b9\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u67e5\u8be2\u5f53\u524d\u65f6\u523b\u670d\u52a1\u56681\u5206\u949f\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\uff0c\u6240\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5373\u65f6\u5411\u91cf\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/image-1730637731856.png\" alt=\"file\" \/><\/p>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li>\u8303\u56f4\u5411\u91cf\uff08<code>range vector<\/code>\uff09\uff1a\u8303\u56f4\u5411\u91cf\u67e5\u8be2\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6570\u636e\u70b9\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u67e5\u8be2\u8fc7\u53bb1\u5206\u949f\u5185\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8d1f\u8f7d\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8303\u56f4\u5411\u91cf\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/image-1730637850947.png\" alt=\"file\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u5728<code>PromQL<\/code>\u4e2d\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u6709\u5411\u91cf\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u6709\u6807\u91cf\uff08<code>scalar<\/code>\uff09\uff1a\u6807\u91cf\u4ec5\u4ee3\u8868\u4e00\u4e2a\u5355\u4e00\u7684\u6d6e\u70b9\u6570\u503c\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5411\u91cf\u7684\u67d0\u4e00\u4e2a\u503c\u901a\u8fc7<code>scalar()<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u8f6c\u4e3a\u6807\u91cf\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u503c\u8fd0\u7b97\uff0c\u4f46\u4f7f\u7528\u8f83\u5c11\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\uff08<code>string<\/code>\uff09\uff1a\u5728<code>PromQL<\/code>\u67e5\u8be2\u7ed3\u679c\u4e2d\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5e8f\u5217\u90fd\u4f34\u968f\u7740\u4e00\u7ec4\u6807\u7b7e\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6807\u7b7e\u548c\u6807\u7b7e\u503c\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7c7b\u578b\u6765\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6807\u7b7e\u4e3a\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5143\u6570\u636e\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 <code>{job=&quot;nginx&quot;,instance=&quot;prom-node01.oldxu.net&quot;, method=&quot;get&quot;, url=&quot;\/api&quot;}<\/code>\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u6807\u7b7e\u80fd\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u7c7b\u548c\u8bc6\u522b\u3002<\/p>\n<h4><code>PromQL<\/code>\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f<\/h4>\n<p><code>prometheus<\/code>\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u5c31\u662f<code>PromQL<\/code>\uff0c<code>PromQL<\/code>\u5728\u65e5\u5e38\u7684\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\uff0c\u67e5\u8be2\u3001\u5b9a\u4e49\u544a\u8b66\u89c4\u5219\u90fd\u4f1a\u7528\u5230\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u638c\u63e1<code>PromQL<\/code>\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u5c31\u638c\u63e1\u4e86<code>prometheus<\/code><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u4e34\u65f6\u67e5\u8be2\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528<code>PromQL<\/code>\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u65f6\u5730\u67e5\u8be2\u76d1\u63a7\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u8fd9\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8c03\u8bd5\u548c\u8bca\u65ad\u95ee\u9898\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u5e2e\u52a9\u3002\u901a\u5e38\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7<code>prometheus<\/code>\u81ea\u5e26\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u6765\u6267\u884c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u67e5\u8be2\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/image-1730638207252.png\" alt=\"file\" \/><\/p>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li>\n<p>\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\uff0c<code>PromQL<\/code>\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u521b\u5efa\u6570\u636e\u7684\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u5c55\u793a\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u96c6\u6210\u5de5\u5177\u5982<code>grafana<\/code>\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u6211\u4eec<code>PromQL<\/code>\u67e5\u8be2\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u5c55\u793a\u5f97\u66f4\u76f4\u89c2\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u76d1\u63a7\u544a\u8b66\uff1a<code>prometheus<\/code>\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528<code>PromQL<\/code>\u5bf9\u6307\u6807\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u7ed3\u679c\u6765\u8bbe\u7f6e\u544a\u8b66\u3002\u4e00\u65e6\u67e5\u8be2\u7ed3\u679c\u6ee1\u8db3\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u89e6\u53d1\u544a\u8b66\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u62a5\u8b66\u89c4\u5219\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\uff1a\u5305\u62ec\u4e86\u544a\u8b66\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u3001\u6761\u4ef6\u3001\u6301\u7eed\u65f6\u95f4\u7b49\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<pre><code class=\"language-yaml\">groups:\n- name: \u544a\u8b66\u7ec4\n  rules:\n  - alert: \u8282\u70b9\u5b95\u673a # \u544a\u8b66\u540d\u79f0\n    expr: up == 0 # \u544a\u8b66\u6761\u4ef6\n    for: 1m # \u6301\u7eed\u65f6\u95f4\n    labels:\n      severity: critical\n    annotations: # \u5b9a\u4e49\u90ae\u4ef6\u4e2d\u6536\u5230\u7684\u544a\u8b66\u8be6\u7ec6\u5185\u5bb9\n      summary: &quot;\u8282\u70b9\u5b95\u673a\u8b66\u544a - \u5b9e\u4f8b\uff1a{{ $labels.instance }}&quot;\n      description: &quot;\u4f5c\u4e1a {{ $labels.job }} \u7684\u8282\u70b9\u2f46\u6cd5\u8bbf\u95ee\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u6301\u7eed\u8d85\u8fc71\u5206\u949f\u3002&quot;<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>PromQL\u57fa\u7840\u4f7f\u7528<\/h3>\n<h4>\u6307\u6807\u67e5\u8be2<\/h4>\n<ol>\n<li>\u67e5\u8be2\u6307\u6807\u7684\u6700\u76f4\u63a5\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f\u8f93\u5165\u6307\u6807\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u4f60\u60f3\u77e5\u9053\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4e00\u5206\u949f\u8d1f\u8f7d\uff08<code>node_load1<\/code>\uff09\u60c5\u51b5\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"># \u67e5\u8be2\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\nnode_load1\n\n# \u67e5\u8be2\u7ed3\u679c\uff08\u7ed3\u679c\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u6240\u6709\u88ab\u76d1\u63a7\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u4e00\u5206\u949f\u8d1f\u8f7d\uff09\nnode_load1{instance=&quot;192.168.99.7:9100&quot;, job=&quot;node_exporter&quot;} 0\nnode_load1{instance=&quot;192.168.99.21:9100&quot;, job=&quot;node_exporter&quot;} 0.89<\/code><\/pre>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li>\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u76d1\u63a7\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u5173\u6ce8\u7279\u5b9a\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u6307\u6807\u6570\u636e\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u60f3\u67e5\u770b192.168.99.21\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u4e00\u5206\u949f\u8d1f\u8f7d\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u6807\u7b7e\u5339\u914d\u5668\u6765\u7b5b\u9009\u51fa\u6240\u9700\u7684\u6307\u6807\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"># \u67e5\u8be2\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\nnode_load1{instance=&quot;192.168.99.21:9100&quot;}\n\n# \u67e5\u8be2\u7ed3\u679c\uff08\u7531\u4e8e\u6307\u5b9a\u4e86\u8fc7\u6ee4\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u53ea\u4f1a\u5c55\u793a\u5339\u914d\u8282\u70b9\u76841\u5206\u949f\u8d1f\u8f7d\uff09\nnode_load1{instance=&quot;192.168.99.21:9100&quot;, job=&quot;node_exporter&quot;} 0.12<\/code><\/pre>\n<ol start=\"3\">\n<li>\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6807\u7b7e\u5339\u914d\u5668\u5c31\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u6807\u7b7e\u548c\u6807\u7b7e\u503c\uff0c\u6765\u7b5b\u9009\u51fa\u6211\u4eec\u6240\u9700\u8981\u7684\u6307\u6807\u6570\u636e\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u6807\u7b7e\u5339\u914d\u5668\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6309\u7167\u4ee5\u4e0b\u8bed\u6cd5\u6784\u9020\u67e5\u8be2\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">&lt;metric_name&gt;{&lt;label_name&gt;=&lt;label_value&gt;, &lt;label_name2&gt;=~&lt;regex&gt;, ...}\n\n\u5176\u4e2d\u5404\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u542b\u4e49\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a\n# = \u8868\u793a\u2f00\u4e2a\u6807\u7b7e\u5fc5\u987b\u4e25\u683c\u7b49\u4e8e\u2f00\u4e2a\u7ed9\u5b9a\u7684\u503c\u3002\n# != \u8868\u793a\u6392\u9664\u7b49\u4e8e\u7279\u5b9a\u503c\u7684\u6807\u7b7e\u3002\n# =~ \u8868\u793a\u6807\u7b7e\u7684\u503c\u5fc5\u987b\u5339\u914d\u2f00\u4e2a\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u3002\n# !~ \u8868\u793a\u6807\u7b7e\u7684\u503c\u4e0d\u5e94\u5339\u914d\u2f00\u4e2a\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u3002<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5b9e\u4f8b1\uff1a\u67e5\u8be2\u6240\u6709\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff0c<code>cpu<\/code>\u7684\u7b2c0\u4e2a\u6838\u5fc3\u4e2d\u7684<code>user<\/code>\u7528\u6237\u7a7a\u95f4\u6240\u5360\u7528<code>cpu<\/code>\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u6307\u6807\u540d\u79f0\uff1a<code>node_cpu_seconds_total<\/code><br \/>\n<code>node_cpu_seconds_total{cpu=&quot;0&quot;,mode=&quot;user&quot;}<\/code><\/p>\n<p>\u5b9e\u4f8b2\uff1a\u67e5\u8be2\u6240\u6709\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff0c<code>eth0<\/code>\u7f51\u5361\u53d1\u9001\u603b\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u6307\u6807\u540d\u79f0\uff1a<code>node_network_transmit_bytes_total<\/code><br \/>\n<code>node_network_transmit_bytes_total{device=&quot;eth0&quot;} \/1024 \/1024 \/1024<\/code><\/p>\n<p>\u5b9e\u4f8b3\uff1a\u67e5\u8be2\u6240\u6709\u5b9e\u4f8b\u7684\u7f51\u5361\u63a5\u6536\u5b57\u8282\u6570\uff0c\u6392\u9664<code>lo<\/code>\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u6307\u6807\u540d\u79f0\uff1a<br \/>\n<code>node_network_receive_bytes_total<\/code><br \/>\n<code>node_network_transmit_bytes_total{device!=&quot;lo&quot;} \/1024 \/1024 \/1024<\/code><\/p>\n<p>\u5b9e\u4f8b4\uff1a\u67e5\u8be2\u6302\u8f7d\u70b9\u4ee5<code>\/run<\/code>\u5f00\u5934\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u7528\u5b57\u8282\u6570\uff0c\u6307\u6807\u540d\u79f0\uff1a<code>node_filesystem_avail_bytes<\/code><br \/>\n<code>node_filesystem_avail_bytes{mountpoint=~&quot;^\/run.*&quot;} \/1024 \/1024<\/code><\/p>\n<p>\u5b9e\u4f8b5\uff1a\u5757\u8bbe\u5907\u540d\u5b57\u4e0d\u5305\u542b<code>vda<\/code>\u548c<code>sr0<\/code>\u7684\u8bfb\u5b57\u8282\u6570\uff0c\u6307\u6807\u540d\u79f0\uff1a<code>node_disk_read_bytes_total<\/code><br \/>\n<code>node_disk_read_bytes_total{device!~&quot;vda|sr0&quot;}<\/code><\/p>\n<h4>\u65f6\u95f4\u8303\u56f4\u67e5\u8be2<\/h4>\n<p>\u5728<code>prometheus<\/code>\u4e2d\uff0c\u8303\u56f4\u5411\u91cf\u9009\u62e9\u5668\u4f7f\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u63d0\u53d6\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u4e2d\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u7684\u6570\u636e\u70b9\u3002\u8981\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u8303\u56f4\u5411\u91cf\u9009\u62e9\u5668\uff0c\u4f60\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u5728\u6307\u6807\u540d\u79f0\u540e\u9762\u52a0\u4e0a\u65b9\u62ec\u53f7[]\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u6307\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u957f\u5ea6\u3002\u65f6\u95f4\u957f\u5ea6\u6709\uff1a<code>s<\/code>\u79d2\u3001<code>m<\/code>\u5206\u949f\u3001<code>h<\/code>\u5c0f\u65f6\u3001<code>d<\/code>\u5929\u3001<code>w<\/code>\u5468\u3001<code>y<\/code>\u5e74\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u8303\u56f4\u5411\u91cf\u9009\u62e9\u5668\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u7075\u6d3b\u67e5\u8be2\u4ece\u6700\u8fd1\u51e0\u5206\u949f\u5230\u51e0\u5e74\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4fbf\u4e8e\u5206\u6790\u548c\u76d1\u63a7\u6307\u6807\u968f\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u60f3\u67e5\u8be2<code>192.168.99.21<\/code>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff0c\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb2\u5206\u949f\u8d1f\u8f7d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6570\u636e\u70b9\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"># \u65f6\u95f4\u67e5\u8be2\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\nnode_load1{instance=&quot;192.168.99.21:9100&quot;}[1m]\n\n# \u67e5\u8be2\u7ed3\u679c\uff08\u6392\u5e8f\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u4ece\u65e7\u5230\u65b0\uff09\nnode_load1{instance=&quot;192.168.99.21:9100&quot;, job=&quot;node_exporter&quot;}\n0.54 @1730640927.056\n0.42 @1730640942.056\n0.68 @1730640957.056\n0.53 @1730640972.056<\/code><\/pre>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li>\u5728<code>prometheus<\/code>\u4e2d\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u76f8\u5bf9\u65f6\u95f4\uff08\u5982\u679c\u53bb\u51e0\u5206\u949f\u3001\u5c0f\u65f6\u6216\u5929\uff09\u6765\u67e5\u8be2\u6570\u636e\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u67e5\u8be2\u4e00\u4e2a\u7edd\u5bf9\u65f6\u95f4\u70b9\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528<code>unix<\/code>\u65f6\u95f4\u6233\u6765\u6307\u5b9a\u67e5\u8be2\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\uff08\u5728<code>prometheus<\/code>\u4e2d\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u4ee5\u6beb\u79d2\u4e3a\u5355\u4f4d\u7684\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h4>\u65f6\u95f4\u504f\u79fb\u67e5\u8be2<\/h4>\n<p>\u9664\u4e86\u80fd\u591f\u67e5\u8be2\u8fc7\u53bb\u51e0\u5206\u949f\u6216\u51e0\u4e2a\u5c0f\u65f6\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u67e5\u8be2\u6307\u5b9a\u65f6\u95f4\u70b9\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u540c\u65f6<code>prometheus<\/code>\u4e5f\u5141\u8bb8\u4f60\u901a\u8fc7<code>offset<\/code>\u4fee\u9970\u7b26\u6765\u6307\u5b9a\u67e5\u8be2\u4ece\u5f53\u524d\u65f6\u95f4\u5f80\u56de\u63a8\u67d0\u4e2a\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u6bb5\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u6bd4\u8f83\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u4eca\u5929<code>qps<\/code>\u662f10000\uff0c\u6628\u5929\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u662f5000\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba1\u7b97\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u589e\u957f\u7387\u4e4b\u7c7b\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u60f3\u8981\u67e5\u770b\u6628\u5929\u6574\u4f53\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u67e5\u8be2\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"># \u5047\u8bbe\u4ee5\u4e0b\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u67e5\u8be2\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u662f 2024-11-03 21:50\nnode_load1\n\n# \u90a3\u4e48\u5982\u4e0b\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u67e5\u8be2\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5c06\u8fd4\u56de\uff1a\uff082024-11-01 21:50 - 2024-11-02 21:50\uff09\nnode_load1[1d] offset 1d<\/code><\/pre>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li>\u5982\u679c\u60f3\u8981\u67e5\u770b\u4e00\u5468\u524d\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5982\u4e0b\u67e5\u8be2<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"># \u67e5\u8be2\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\nnode_load1[5m] offset 1w<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u67e5\u8be2\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de\u5f53\u524d\u65f6\u95f4\u5f80\u56de\u63a8\u4e00\u5468\uff0c\u5e76\u4ece\u90a3\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u70b9\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u5f80\u56de\u63a8\u6301\u7eed5\u5206\u949f\u7684\u6570\u636e\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u7684<code>node_load1<\/code>\u6307\u6807\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u73b0\u5728\u662f11\u67083\u65e5\u661f\u671f\u5929\u665a\u4e0a21:50\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8be5\u67e5\u8be2\u5c06\u8fd4\u56de10\u670827\u65e5\u661f\u671f\u5929\u665a\u4e0a21:45\u523021:50\u8fd95\u5206\u949f\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6570\u636e\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n<ol start=\"3\">\n<li>\u5bf9\u6bd4\u5206\u6790\u5b9e\u6218\uff1a\u5bf9\u6bd4\u5f53\u524d\u65f6\u95f4\u70b9\u63a5\u6536\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u6d41\u91cf\u4e0e1\u5c0f\u65f6\u524d\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u8fdb\u884c\u6bd4\u5bf9\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u4ee5\u5224\u65ad\u6d41\u91cf\u662f\u589e\u957f\u8fd8\u662f\u51cf\u5c11\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u8ba1\u7b97\u540c\u73af\u6bd4\u7684\u589e\u957f\u7387\u6216\u51cf\u5c11\u7387\u7684\u516c\u793a\uff1a\u540c\u73af\u6bd4\u7387=\uff08\u5f53\u524d\u603b\u6d41\u91cf-\u8fc7\u53bb1\u5c0f\u65f6\u7684\u603b\u6d41\u91cf\uff09\/\u8fc7\u53bb1\u5c0f\u65f6\u7684\u603b\u6d41\u91cf*100<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5f53\u524d\u603b\u63a5\u6536\u6d41\u91cf\u662f6000MB\uff0c\u800c1\u5c0f\u65f6\u524d\u63a5\u6536\u7684\u603b\u6d41\u91cf\u662f5000MB<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u90a3\u4e48\u8ba1\u7b97\u516c\u5f0f\u4e3a\uff1a(6000-5000)\/5000*100=20%\uff08\u610f\u5473\u7740\u76f8\u6bd41\u5c0f\u65f6\u524d\uff0c\u5f53\u524d\u6d41\u91cf\u589e\u957f\u4e8620%\uff09<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"># \u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\n((node_network_receive_bytes_total - node_network_receive_bytes_total offset 1h)\/node_network_receive_bytes_total offset 1h)*100\n\n# \u5982\u679c\u60f3\u8ba1\u7b97\u5177\u4f53\u589e\u957f\u4e86\u591a\u5c11MB\n(node_network_receive_bytes_total - node_network_receive_bytes_total offset 1h)\/1024\/1024\n\u7b49\u4ef7\u4e8e\nincrease(node_network_receive_bytes_total[1h])\/1024\/1024<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>PromQL\u5e38\u7528\u51fd\u6570<\/h3>\n<h4>counter\u7c7b\u578b\u5e38\u7528\u51fd\u6570<\/h4>\n<p>\u524d\u9762\u6211\u4eec\u8bb2\u8fc7\uff0c<code>counter<\/code>\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u76d1\u63a7\u6307\u6807\u53ea\u589e\u4e0d\u51cf\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5176\u6837\u672c\u503c\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u4e0d\u65ad\u589e\u5927\u7684\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u5355\u7eaf\u7684<code>counter<\/code>\u603b\u662f\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u76f4\u63a5\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u9700\u8981\u501f\u52a9<code>rate\u3001irate\u3001increase<\/code>\u7b49\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u8ba1\u7b97\u6837\u672c\u6570\u636e\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u72b6\u51b5\uff08\u589e\u957f\u7387\uff09<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><code>rate<\/code>\u7528\u4e8e\u8ba1\u7b97\u5e73\u5747\u589e\u957f\u901f\u7387\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u516c\u5f0f\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u6307\u5b9a\u65f6\u95f4\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u7684\u6837\u672c\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u6837\u672c\u7684\u503c\u51cf\u53bb\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6837\u672c\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u800c\u540e\u9664\u4ee5\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u6837\u672c\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u95f4\u9694\u65f6\u957f\u3002<br \/>\n\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<code>rate(nginx_http_requests_total[1m])<\/code>\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u8981\u83b7\u53d61\u5206\u949f\u5185\uff0c\u8be5\u6307\u6807\u4e0a\u7684<code>http<\/code>\u603b\u8bf7\u6c42\u6570\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u589e\u957f\u901f\u7387<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/image-1730682639254.png\" alt=\"file\" \/><\/p>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li><code>irate<\/code>\u7528\u4e8e\u8ba1\u7b97\u77ac\u65f6\u7684\u589e\u957f\u901f\u7387\uff08\u7075\u654f\u5ea6\u8f83\u9ad8\uff09\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u516c\u5f0f\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u6307\u5b9a\u65f6\u95f4\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u7684\u6837\u672c\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u6837\u672c\u7684\u503c\u51cf\u53bb\u524d\u4e00\u4e2a\u6837\u672c\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u800c\u540e\u9664\u4ee5\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u6837\u672c\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u95f4\u9694\u65f6\u957f\u3002<br \/>\n\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<code>irate(nginx_http_requests_total[1m])<\/code>\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u8981\u83b7\u53d61\u5206\u949f\u5185\uff0c\u8be5\u6307\u6807\u4e0a\u7684<code>http<\/code>\u603b\u8bf7\u6c42\u6570\u7684\u77ac\u65f6\u589e\u957f\u901f\u7387<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/image-1730682798529.png\" alt=\"file\" \/><\/p>\n<ol start=\"3\">\n<li><code>increase<\/code>\u7528\u4e8e\u8ba1\u7b97\u6307\u5b9a\u65f6\u95f4\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u6837\u672c\u503c\u5f97\u589e\u52a0\u91cf\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u516c\u5f0f\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u6307\u5b9a\u65f6\u95f4\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u5f97\u6837\u672c\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u6837\u672c\u5f97\u503c\u51cf\u53bb\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6837\u672c\u5f97\u503c\u3002\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a<code>increase<\/code>\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5f15\u7528\u65f6\u95f4\u8303\u56f4\u8fb9\u754c\u4e4b\u524d\u5f97\u6837\u672c\u503c\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u4e8e\u8ba1\u7b97\u80fd\u8986\u76d6\u5230\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u6574\u6539\u65f6\u95f4\u8303\u56f4\u3002<br \/>\n\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<code>increase(nginx_http_requests_total[1m])<\/code>\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u8981\u83b7\u53d61\u5206\u949f\u5185\uff0c<code>http<\/code>\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u589e\u91cf<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/image-1730682976965.png\" alt=\"file\" \/><\/p>\n<h4>gauge\u7c7b\u578b\u5e38\u7528\u51fd\u6570<\/h4>\n<p><code>gauge<\/code>\u7c7b\u578b\u989d\u6307\u6807\uff0c\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u503c\u662f\u968f\u7740\u65f6\u95f4\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u53d8\u5316\u7684\uff0c\u5b83\u5e38\u7528\u6c42\u548c\u3001\u53d6\u5e73\u5747\u503c\u3001\u6700\u5c0f\u503c\u3001\u6700\u5927\u503c\u7b49\uff1b\u4e5f\u4f1a\u7ed3\u5408<code>PromQL<\/code>\u7684<code>predict_linear<\/code>\u548c<code>delta<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u4f7f\u7528<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><code>predict_linear(v range-vector, t, scalar)<\/code>\uff1a\u9884\u6d4b\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217<code>v<\/code>\u5728<code>t<\/code>\u79d2\u540e\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u5b83\u901a\u8fc7\u7ebf\u6027\u56de\u5f52\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u9884\u6d4b\u6837\u672c\u6570\u636e\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u8d8b\u52bf\uff1b<br \/>\n\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<code>predict_linear(node_filesystem_avail_bytes[4h], 60*60*24*30)<\/code>\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u8fc7\u53bb4\u5c0f\u65f6\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6765\u9884\u6d4b\u63a5\u4e0b\u676530\u5929\uff0860<em>60<\/em>24*30\uff09\u7684\u78c1\u76d8\u7a7a\u95f4\u8d8b\u52bf\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><code>delta(v range-vector)<\/code>\uff1a\u8ba1\u7b97\u8303\u56f4\u5411\u91cf\u4e2d\u6bcf\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u4e0a\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6837\u672c\u503c\u4e0e\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u6837\u672c\u503c\u4e4b\u5dee\uff1b\u5176\u8ba1\u7b97\u7ed3\u679c\u4e0e<code>increase<\/code>\u51fd\u6570\u76f8\u540c\uff1b\u4f46<code>delta<\/code>\u66f4\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u6ca1\u6709\u91cd\u7f6e\u7684\u573a\u666f\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u7528\u6765\u76d1\u63a7\u90a3\u4e9b\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0a\u5347\u6216\u4e0b\u964d\u7684\u6307\u6807\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6e29\u5ea6\u3001\u78c1\u76d8\u7a7a\u95f4\u7b49\u3002<br \/>\n\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<code>delta(cpu_temp_celsius{host=&quot;prom01.oldxu.net&quot;}[2h])<\/code>\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u8be5\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u7684<code>cpu<\/code>\u6e29\u5ea6\u4e0e2\u5c0f\u65f6\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u5dee\u5f02<br \/>\n\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<code>delta(node_filesystem_avail_bytes[10m]) \/1024 \/1024 <\/code>\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u78c1\u76d8\u53ef\u7528\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e0e10\u5206\u949f\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\uff1b<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><code>changes()<\/code>:\u8ba1\u7b97\u76d1\u63a7\u65f6\u95f4\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u67d0\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u7684\u6570\u636e\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u6b21\u6570\u3002\u5b83\u53ea\u5173\u5fc3\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u6b21\u6570\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u5173\u5fc3\u5177\u4f53\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u503c\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48<br \/>\n\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<code>changes(nginx_up[10m])<\/code>\u76d1\u63a7<code>nginx<\/code>\u670d\u52a1\u5728\u7ed9\u5b9a\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u6b21\u6570\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u505c\u6b62\u4e86\u53d8\u5316\u6b21\u6570+1\uff0c\u542f\u52a8\u4e86\u53d8\u5316\u6b21\u6570+1.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3>PromQL\u4e8c\u5143\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26<\/h3>\n<p><code>PromQL<\/code>\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u4e8c\u5143\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u7b97\u672f\u8fd0\u7b97\uff08+-*\/\uff09\u3001\u6bd4\u8f83\u8fd0\u7b97\uff08==&lt;=&gt;=)\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u96c6\u5408\u8fd0\u7b97\uff08and or unless\uff09\u3002<br \/>\n\u5728<code>PromQL<\/code>\u4e2d\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u6267\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u8fd0\u7b97\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>1.\u6807\u91cf\u4e0e\u6807\u91cf\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8fd0\u7b97<\/li>\n<li>2.\u5373\u65f6\u5411\u91cf\u4e0e\u6807\u91cf\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8fd0\u7b97<\/li>\n<li>3.\u4e24\u4e2a\u53ca\u65f6\u5411\u91cf\u503c\u5f97\u8fd0\u7b97\u3002\uff08\u5f53\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u4e24\u4e2a\u5373\u65f6\u5411\u91cf\u7684\u8fd0\u7b97\u65f6\uff0c<code>PromQL<\/code>\u9075\u5faa\u5411\u91cf\u5339\u914d\u673a\u5236\uff08<code>vector matching<\/code>\uff09\uff0c\u5b9a\u4e49\u5176\u8fd0\u7b97\u903b\u8f91\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u7b97\u672f\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u4ecb\u7ecd<\/h4>\n<p>\u5728<code>PromQL<\/code>\u4e2d\u7b97\u672f\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\uff0c\u662f\u7528\u6765\u5bf9\u6307\u6807\u6570\u636e\u6267\u884c\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u8fd0\u7b97\u3002\u652f\u6301\u7684\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u6709\uff1a+\uff08\u52a0\uff09\u3001-\uff08\u51cf\uff09\u3001*\uff08\u4e58\uff09\u3001\/\uff08\u9664\uff09\u3001%\uff08\u53d6\u6a21\uff09\u548c^\uff08\u5e42\u8fd0\u7b97\uff09<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u6807\u91cf\u4e0e\u6807\u91cf\u4e4b\u95f4\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u5b66\u8fd0\u7b97\uff0c\u5176\u6700\u7ec8\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u4e5f\u662f\u6807\u91cf<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"># \u6807\u91cf\u4e0e\u6807\u91cf\u7b97\u672f\u8fd0\u7b97\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\n5 + 5\n\n# \u7ed3\u679c\nscalar 10<\/code><\/pre>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li>\u5373\u65f6\u5411\u91cf\u4e0e\u6807\u91cf\u8fdb\u884c\u8fd0\u7b97\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982<br \/>\n\u5c06<code>node_memory_MemTotal_bytes<\/code>\uff08\u8282\u70b9\u5185\u5b58\u603b\u5927\u5c0f\uff09\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4<code>bytes<\/code>\u5355\u4f4d\u8f6c\u4e3a<code>MB<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"># \u5373\u65f6\u5411\u91cf\u4e0e\u6807\u91cf\u7b97\u672f\u8fd0\u7b97\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\nnode_memory_MemTotal_bytes\/1024\/1024\/1024\n\n# \u7ed3\u679c\n{instance=&quot;192.168.99.7:9100&quot;, job=&quot;node_exporter&quot;} 7.7768707275390625\n{instance=&quot;192.168.99.21:9100&quot;, job=&quot;node_exporter&quot;} 15.651866912841797<\/code><\/pre>\n<ol start=\"3\">\n<li>\u5373\u65f6\u5411\u91cf\u4e0e\u5373\u65f6\u5411\u91cf\u8fdb\u884c\u8fd0\u7b97\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u9075\u5faa\u5411\u91cf\u7684\u5339\u914d\u903b\u8f91\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5411\u91cf\u4e0e\u5411\u91cf\u7684\u6807\u7b7e\u5fc5\u987b\u5b8c\u5168\u5339\u914d\u4e00\u81f4\u624d\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u8fd0\u7b97\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u6807\u7b7e\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6267\u884c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fd0\u7b97\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u6211\u4eec\u60f3\u8ba1\u7b97\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u53ef\u7528\u767e\u5206\u6bd4\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u516c\u5f0f\u4e3a\uff08\u5185\u5b58\u53ef\u7528\u7a7a\u95f4\/\u5185\u5b58\u603b\u7a7a\u95f4*100\uff09=\u5185\u5b58\u53ef\u7528\u767e\u5206\u6bd4\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5411\u91cf\u7684\u6807\u7b7e\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u8fdb\u884c\u8fd0\u7b97\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u65e0\u6cd5\u6b63\u5e38\u8fdb\u884c\u8ba1\u7b97\uff0c\u9664\u975e\u8fdb\u884c\u5411\u91cf\u5339\u914d\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"># \u5373\u65f6\u5411\u91cf\u4e0e\u5373\u65f6\u5411\u91cf\u7b97\u672f\u8fd0\u7b97\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\nnode_memory_MemAvailable_bytes\/node_memory_MemTotal_bytes*100\n\n# \u7ed3\u679c\n{instance=&quot;192.168.99.7:9100&quot;, job=&quot;node_exporter&quot;} 78.87509442476922\n{instance=&quot;192.168.99.21:9100&quot;, job=&quot;node_exporter&quot;} 55.93850710314272<\/code><\/pre>\n<h4>\u7b97\u672f\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u5b9e\u8df5<\/h4>\n<p>\u5b9e\u4f8b1\uff1a\u8ba1\u7b97\u6240\u6709\u5b9e\u4f8b\u8282\u70b9\u7684<code>eth0<\/code>\u7f51\u5361\uff0c\u63a5\u6536\u7684\u603b\u6d41\u91cf\u548c\u53d1\u9001\u7684\u603b\u6d41\u91cf\u4e4b\u540e\uff08\u4ee5<code>GB<\/code>\u663e\u793a\uff09<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><code>node_network_receive_bytes_total<\/code>\uff1a\u8282\u70b9\u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u6536\u7684\u603b\u5927\u5c0f\uff08\u4ee5\u5b57\u8282\u4e3a\u5355\u4f4d\uff09<\/li>\n<li><code>node_network_transmit_bytes_total<\/code>\uff1a\u8282\u70b9\u7f51\u7edc\u53d1\u9001\u7684\u603b\u5927\u5c0f\uff08\u4ee5\u5b57\u8282\u4e3a\u5355\u4f4d\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"># \u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff08\u8ba1\u7b97\u516c\u5f0f\uff1aeth0\u63a5\u6536\u7684\u603b\u6d41\u91cf+eth0\u53d1\u9001\u7684\u603b\u6d41\u91cf\uff09\n(node_network_receive_bytes_total{device=&quot;eth0&quot;}+node_network_transmit_bytes_total{device=&quot;eth0&quot;})\/1024\/1024\/1024\n\n# \u7ed3\u679c\n{device=&quot;eth0&quot;, instance=&quot;192.168.99.7:9100&quot;, job=&quot;node_exporter&quot;} 153.2382577760145\n{device=&quot;eth0&quot;, instance=&quot;192.168.99.21:9100&quot;, job=&quot;node_exporter&quot;} 26482.96267025359<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5b9e\u4f8b2\uff1a\u8ba1\u7b97\u6240\u6709\u5b9e\u4f8b\u8282\u70b9\u7684<code>\/\u5206\u533a<\/code>\u5df2\u7ecf\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u591a\u5c11\u7a7a\u95f4\uff08\u4ee5<code>GB<\/code>\u663e\u793a\uff09<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><code>node_filesystem_size_bytes<\/code>\uff1a\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u603b\u5927\u5c0f\uff08\u4ee5\u5b57\u8282\u4e3a\u5355\u4f4d\uff09<\/li>\n<li><code>node_filesystem_avail_bytes<\/code>\uff1a\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u7528\u7a7a\u95f4\uff08\u4ee5\u5b57\u8282\u4e3a\u5355\u4f4d\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"># \u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff08\u8ba1\u7b97\u516c\u5f0f\uff1a\uff08\u603b\u7a7a\u95f4-\u53ef\u7528\u7a7a\u95f4\uff09\/1024\/1024\/1024\uff09\n(node_filesystem_size_bytes{mountpoint=&quot;\/&quot;}-node_filesystem_avail_bytes{mountpoint=&quot;\/&quot;})\/1024\/1024\/1024\n\n# \u7ed3\u679c\n{device=&quot;\/dev\/mapper\/centos-root&quot;, fstype=&quot;xfs&quot;, instance=&quot;192.168.99.7:9100&quot;, job=&quot;node_exporter&quot;, mountpoint=&quot;\/&quot;} 3.4114036560058594\n{device=&quot;\/dev\/mapper\/centos-root&quot;, fstype=&quot;xfs&quot;, instance=&quot;192.168.99.21:9100&quot;, job=&quot;node_exporter&quot;, mountpoint=&quot;\/&quot;} 2.9831771850585938<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5b9e\u4f8b3\uff1a\u8ba1\u7b97\u6240\u6709\u5b9e\u4f8b\u8282\u70b9\u7684<code>\/\u5206\u533a<\/code>\u5df2\u7528\u7a7a\u95f4\u767e\u5206\u6bd4<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"># \u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff08\u8ba1\u7b97\u516c\u5f0f\uff1a\uff08\u603b\u7a7a\u95f4-\u53ef\u7528\u7a7a\u95f4\uff09\/\u603b\u7a7a\u95f4*100\uff09\n(node_filesystem_size_bytes{mountpoint=&quot;\/&quot;}-node_filesystem_avail_bytes{mountpoint=&quot;\/&quot;})\/node_filesystem_size_bytes{mountpoint=&quot;\/&quot;}*100\n\n# \u7ed3\u679c\n{device=&quot;\/dev\/mapper\/centos-root&quot;, fstype=&quot;xfs&quot;, instance=&quot;192.168.99.7:9100&quot;, job=&quot;node_exporter&quot;, mountpoint=&quot;\/&quot;} 9.753665861209786\n{device=&quot;\/dev\/mapper\/centos-root&quot;, fstype=&quot;xfs&quot;, instance=&quot;192.168.99.21:9100&quot;, job=&quot;node_exporter&quot;, mountpoint=&quot;\/&quot;} 8.525610398867467<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5b9e\u4f8b4\uff1a\u8ba1\u7b97\u6240\u6709\u8282\u70b9\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u4ee5\u7528\u767e\u5206\u6bd4<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><code>node_memory_MemTotal_bytes<\/code>\uff1a\u603b\u5185\u5b58\u5927\u5c0f\uff08\u5355\u4f4d\u5b57\u8282\uff09<\/li>\n<li><code>node_memory_MemAvailable_bytes<\/code>\uff1a\u5185\u5b58\u53ef\u7528\u5927\u5c0f\uff08\u5355\u4f4d\u5b57\u8282\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"># \u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff08\u8ba1\u7b97\u516c\u5f0f\uff1a\uff08\u603b\u5185\u5b58-\u53ef\u7528\u5185\u5b58\uff09\/\u603b\u5185\u5b58*100)\n(node_memory_MemTotal_bytes-node_memory_MemAvailable_bytes)\/node_memory_MemTotal_bytes*100\n\n# \u7ed3\u679c\n{instance=&quot;192.168.99.7:9100&quot;, job=&quot;node_exporter&quot;} 21.12500367888711\n{instance=&quot;192.168.99.21:9100&quot;, job=&quot;node_exporter&quot;} 44.08610877341525<\/code><\/pre>\n<h4>\u6bd4\u8f83\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u4ecb\u7ecd<\/h4>\n<p>\u5728<code>PromQL<\/code>\u4e2d\u6bd4\u8f83\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\uff0c\u662f\u7528\u6765\u5bf9\u6307\u6807\u7684\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u6761\u4ef6\u5224\u65ad\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u5728\u544a\u8b66\u89c4\u5219\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u4f55\u65f6\u5e94\u8be5\u89e6\u53d1\u544a\u8b66\u3002<code>PromQL<\/code>\u652f\u6301\u7684\u6bd4\u8f83\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u6709\u5982\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><code>==<\/code>\uff1a\u7b49\u4e8e\uff0c\u5f53\u4e24\u8fb9\u7684\u6570\u503c\u76f8\u7b49\u65f6\u4e3a\u771f\u3002<\/li>\n<li><code>!=<\/code>\uff1a\u4e0d\u7b49\u4e8e\uff0c\u5f53\u4e24\u8fb9\u7684\u6570\u503c\u4e0d\u76f8\u7b49\u65f6\u4e3a\u771f\u3002<\/li>\n<li><code>&gt;<\/code>\uff1a\u5927\u4e8e\uff0c\u5f53\u5de6\u8fb9\u7684\u6570\u503c\u5927\u4e8e\u53f3\u8fb9\u65f6\u4e3a\u771f\u3002<\/li>\n<li><code>&lt;<\/code>\uff1a\u5c0f\u4e8e\uff0c\u5f53\u5de6\u8fb9\u7684\u6570\u503c\u5c0f\u4e8e\u53f3\u8fb9\u65f6\u4e3a\u771f\u3002<\/li>\n<li><code>&gt;=<\/code>\uff1a\u5927\u4e8e\u7b49\u4e8e\uff0c\u5f53\u5de6\u8fb9\u7684\u6570\u503c\u5927\u4e8e\u6216\u7b49\u4e8e\u53f3\u8fb9\u65f6\u4e3a\u771f\u3002<\/li>\n<li><code>&lt;=<\/code>\uff1a\u5c0f\u4e8e\u7b49\u4e8e\uff0c\u5f53\u5de6\u8fb9\u7684\u6570\u503c\u5c0f\u4e8e\u6216\u7b49\u4e8e\u53f3\u8fb9\u65f6\u4e3a\u771f\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5728<code>PromQL<\/code>\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u6bd4\u8f83\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u65f6\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6bd4\u8f83\u7ed3\u679c\u4e3a\u5047\uff08\u5373\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0d\u6ee1\u8db3\uff09\uff0c\u5219\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u4e0d\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u7ed3\u679c\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5728\u6d4b\u8bd5\u65f6\uff0c\u60f3\u8981\u660e\u786e\u5730\u770b\u5230\u54ea\u4e9b\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u6ee1\u8db3\u6761\u4ef6\uff08\u4e3a\u771f\uff09\u548c\u54ea\u4e9b\u4e0d\u6ee1\u8db3\uff08\u4e3a\u5047\uff09\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528<code>bool<\/code>\u4fee\u9970\u7b26\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4fee\u9970\u7b26\u4f1a\u5c06\u6240\u6709\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u90fd\u663e\u793a\u5728\u7ed3\u679c\u4e2d\uff0c\u6ee1\u8db3\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\u4f1a\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u503c\u4e3a1\uff08<code>true<\/code>\uff09\uff0c\u4e0d\u6ee1\u8db3\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\u4f1a\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u503c\u4e3a0\uff08<code>false<\/code>\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u6807\u91cf\u4e0e\u6807\u91cf\u4e4b\u95f4\u8fdb\u884c\u6bd4\u8f83\u8fd0\u7b97<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"># \u6807\u91cf\u4e0e\u6807\u91cf\u6bd4\u8f83\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\n5 == bool 5\n\n# \u7ed3\u679c\nscalar  1   # \u8bf4\u660e\u6761\u4ef6\u6210\u7acb<\/code><\/pre>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li>\u5373\u65f6\u5411\u91cf\u4e0e\u6807\u91cf\u8fdb\u884c\u6bd4\u8f83\u8fd0\u7b97\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5224\u65ad\u670d\u52a1\u56681\u5206\u949f\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\uff0c\u662f\u5426\u6709\u5927\u4e8e0\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"># \u5373\u65f6\u5411\u91cf\u4e0e\u6807\u91cf\u8fdb\u884c\u6bd4\u8f83\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\nnode_load1 &gt; 10<\/code><\/pre>\n<ol start=\"3\">\n<li>\u5373\u65f6\u5411\u91cf\u4e0e\u5373\u65f6\u5411\u91cf\u8fdb\u884c\u6bd4\u8f83\u8fd0\u7b97\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u9075\u5faa\u5411\u91cf\u7684\u5339\u914d\u903b\u8f91\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5411\u91cf\u4e0e\u5411\u91cf\u7684\u6807\u7b7e\u5fc5\u987b\u5b8c\u5168\u5339\u914d\u4e00\u81f4\u624d\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u8fd0\u7b97\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u6807\u7b7e\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6267\u884c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fd0\u7b97\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u6bd4\u8f83\u53ef\u7528\u5185\u5b58\u662f\u5426\u5927\u4e8e\u7a7a\u95f2\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6ee1\u8db3\u8be5\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4f1a\u663e\u793a\u5de6\u4fa7\u7684\u6307\u6807\u540d\u79f0\u548c\u6307\u6807\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u503c\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"># \u5373\u65f6\u5411\u91cf\u4e0e\u5373\u65f6\u5411\u91cf\u6bd4\u8f83\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\nnode_memory_MemAvailable_bytes &gt; node_memory_MemFree_bytes<\/code><\/pre>\n<h4>\u6bd4\u8f83\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u5b9e\u8df5<\/h4>\n<p>\u5b9e\u4f8b1\uff1a\u67e5\u8be2<code> job=&quot;\u8fd0\u7ef4linux&quot;<\/code>\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u4e0d\u5b58\u6d3b\u5b9e\u4f8b\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\uff081\u4e3a\u5b58\u6d3b\u30010\u4e3a\u4e0d\u5b58\u6d3b\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"># \u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\nup{job=&quot;\u8fd0\u7ef4linux&quot;}  != 1\nup{instance=&quot;192.168.99.21:9100&quot;, job=&quot;\u8fd0\u7ef4linux&quot;} 0 # \u8868\u793a\u8be5\u8282\u70b9\u76ee\u524d\u4e0d\u5b58\u6d3b<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5b9e\u4f8b2\uff1a\u67e5\u8be2\u6240\u6709\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5df2\u4f7f\u7528\u5185\u5b58\u8d85\u8fc730%\u7684\u8282\u70b9<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"># \u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff1a\uff08\u603b\u5185\u5b58-\u53ef\u7528\u5185\u5b58\uff09\/\u603b\u5185\u5b58 * 100 \u5927\u4e8e 30\n(node_memory_MemTotal_bytes-node_memory_MemAvailable_bytes)\/node_memory_MemTotal_bytes * 100 &gt; 30<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5b9e\u4f8b3\uff1a \u67e5\u8be2\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\u78c1\u76d8\u53ef\u7528\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e0d\u8db380%\u7684\u8282\u70b9<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"># \u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff1a\uff08\u53ef\u7528\u7a7a\u95f4\/\u603b\u78c1\u76d8\u7a7a\u95f4\uff09 * 100 &lt; 80\nnode_filesystem_avail_bytes\/node_filesystem_size_bytes*100 &lt; 80<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5b9e\u4f8b4\uff1a\u67e5\u8be2\u6240\u6709\u5b9e\u4f8b\u4e2d<code>eth0<\/code>\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u5e26\u5bbd\uff0c\u6bcf\u79d2\u53d1\u9001\u901f\u7387\u8d85\u8fc7<code>200Mb\/s<\/code>\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"># 1.\u5728\u4e24\u4e2a\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u4e0a\u5b89\u88c5\uff1ayum install iperf\n# 2.\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u8fd0\u884c\u5e76\u6307\u5b9a\u7aef\u53e3\uff1aiperf -s -p 9999\n# 3.\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u6a21\u62df\u5bbd\u5e26\u53d1\u9001\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c-b\u6307\u5b9a\u53d1\u9001\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c-t\u6307\u5b9a\u53d1\u9001\u6301\u7eed\u65f6\u957f\uff1aiperf -c &lt;ip&gt; -p 9999 -b 300M -t 60\n\n# \u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f rate\uff08\u603b\u7684\u4f20\u8f93[1m]\uff09 * 8\/1024\/1024 &gt; 200\n# \u7f51\u7edc\u901f\u5ea6\u6216\u5e26\u5bbd\u901a\u5e38\u4ee5\u4f4d\u6bcf\u79d2\uff08\u5982Mbps\uff0cGbps\uff09\u4e3a\u5355\u4f4d\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u9700\u8981\u5c06\u5b57\u8282\u4e58\u4ee58\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u5c06\u5b57\u8282\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u4f4d\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u51c6\u786e\u5730\u63cf\u8ff0\u4f20\u8f93\u901f\u7387\nrate(node_network_transmit_bytes_total[1m])*8\/1024\/1024 &gt; 200<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5b9e\u4f8b5\uff1a\u67e5\u8be2\u6240\u6709<code>https<\/code>\u7684\u57df\u540d\uff0c\u68c0\u67e5\u57df\u540d\u8bc1\u4e66\u7684\u8fc7\u671f\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u5c06\u8fd8\u5269\u4e0d\u523090\u5929\u7684\u57df\u540d\u5217\u51fa\u6765\uff08\u9700\u8981\u501f\u52a9\u540e\u9762\u7684<code>blackbox<\/code>\u9ed1\u76d2\u76d1\u63a7\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u83b7\u53d6\u5230\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6307\u6807\uff09<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"># \u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u516c\u5f0f\uff08 (\u8fc7\u671f\u65f6\u95f4-\u5f53\u524d\u65f6\u95f4) \/ \u5929(24*60*60) \uff09\n(probe_ssl_earliest_cert_expiry - time() ) \/ 86400 &lt; 90<\/code><\/pre>\n<h4>\u96c6\u5408\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u4ecb\u7ecd<\/h4>\n<p>\u5728<code>prometheus<\/code>\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\uff0c\u96c6\u5408\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u5230\u7684\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u5305\u62ec<code>and<\/code>\uff08\u5e76\u4e14\uff09\u3001<code>or<\/code>\uff08\u6216\u8005\uff09\u548c<code>unless<\/code>\uff08\u6392\u9664\uff09<\/p>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u6307\u6807\uff1a<code>backup_duration_seconds<\/code>\u7528\u4e8e\u8bb0\u5f55\u6bcf\u6b21\u5907\u4efd\u7684\u6301\u7eed\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u800c<code>backup_success<\/code>\u5219\u8868\u793a\u5907\u4efd\u64cd\u4f5c\u662f\u5426\u6210\u529f\uff081\u8868\u793a\u6210\u529f\uff0c0\u8868\u793a\u5931\u8d25\uff09<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u573a\u666f1\uff1a\u5907\u4efd\u6210\u529f\u4f46\u65f6\u95f4\u8d85\u8fc79s<\/strong><br \/>\n\u5f53\u5907\u4efd\u64cd\u4f5c\u6210\u529f\u5b8c\u6210\uff08<code>backup_success == 1<\/code>),\u5e76\u4e14\u6267\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u8d85\u8fc79\u79d2\uff08<code>backup_duration_seconds &gt; 9<\/code>)\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u53d1\u51fa\u544a\u8b66\u901a\u77e5\u5907\u4efd\u6210\u529f\u4f46\u5907\u4efd\u65f6\u95f4\u8fc7\u957f\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528<code>and<\/code>\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u6765\u786e\u4fdd\u53ea\u6709\u5f53\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u6761\u4ef6\u90fd\u6ee1\u8db3\u65f6\uff0c\u624d\u89e6\u53d1\u544a\u8b66\u3002<br \/>\n\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4e3a\uff1a<code>backup_duration_seconds &gt; 9 and backup_success == 1<\/code><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u573a\u666f2\uff1a\u5907\u4efd\u5931\u8d25\u8fc7\u65f6\u95f4\u8d85\u8fc79s<\/strong><br \/>\n\u5982\u679c\u5907\u4efd\u65f6\u957f\u8d85\u8fc7\u4e869\u79d2\uff08<code>backup_duration_seconds &gt; 9<\/code>)\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5907\u4efd\u64cd\u4f5c\u5931\u8d25\uff08<code>backup_success == 0<\/code>)\uff0c\u5219\u540c\u6837\u9700\u8981\u53d1\u51fa\u544a\u8b66\u5907\u4efd\u5931\u8d25\u6216\u65f6\u95f4\u8fc7\u957f\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u662f\u7528<code>or<\/code>\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u4efb\u4e00\u6761\u4ef6\u6ee1\u8db3\u65f6\u89e6\u53d1\u544a\u8b66\u3002<br \/>\n\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4e3a\uff1a<code>backup_duration_seconds &gt; 9 or backup_success == 0<\/code><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u573a\u666f3\uff1a\u67e5\u8be2\u6210\u529f\u7684\u5907\u4efd\uff0c\u4f46\u6392\u9664\u8017\u65f6\u8d85\u8fc79s<\/strong><br \/>\n\u67e5\u8be2\u6240\u6709\u6210\u529f\u7684\u5907\u4efd\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u6392\u9664\u90a3\u4e9b\u6267\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u8d85\u8fc79\u79d2\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u53ea\u5173\u6ce8\u4e8e\u90a3\u4e9b\u6210\u529f\u5907\u4efd\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5907\u4efd\u6548\u7387\u8f83\u9ad8\u7684\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528<code>unless<\/code>\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c<br \/>\n\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4e3a\uff1a<code>backup_success == 1 unless backup_duration_seconds &gt; 9<\/code><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><code>and<\/code>\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u793a\u4f8b\uff0c\u67e5\u8be2\u5f53\u524d\u5b9e\u4f8b1\u5206\u949f\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5927\u4e8e2\uff0c\u5e76\u4e145\u5206\u949f\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5c0f\u4e8e2\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6ee1\u8db3\u6761\u4ef6\u8bf4\u660e\u5f53\u524d\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u7a81\u589e\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u538b\u529b\u3002\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a<code>and<\/code>\u8fd0\u7b97\u9700\u8981\u9075\u5faa\u5411\u91cf\u7684\u5339\u914d\u903b\u8f91\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5411\u91cf\u4e0e\u5411\u91cf\u7684\u6807\u7b7e\u5fc5\u987b\u5b8c\u5168\u5339\u914d\u4e00\u81f4\u624d\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u5339\u914d\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u6807\u7b7e\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6267\u884c\u5339\u914d\u903b\u8f91\uff0c\u9664\u975e\u4f7f\u7528<code>ignore<\/code>\u5ffd\u7565\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u6807\u7b7e\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u5339\u914d<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"># \u6a21\u62df\u8d1f\u8f7d\u2fbc\u547d\u4ee4 stress --cpu 8 --timeout 60\n\n# \u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\nnode_load1 &gt; 2 and\nnode_load5 &lt; 2<\/code><\/pre>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li><code>or<\/code>\u793a\u4f8b\uff0c\u67e5\u8be2<code>cpu<\/code>\u7f16\u53f7\u4e3a0\u7684<code>idle<\/code>\u65f6\u95f4\u6216<code>user<\/code>\u65f6\u95f4<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"># \u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\nnode_cpu_seconds_total{instance=&quot;192.168.99.21:9100&quot;,cpu=&quot;0&quot;,mode=&quot;idle&quot;} or node_cpu_seconds_total{instance=&quot;192.168.99.21:9100&quot;,cpu=&quot;0&quot;,mode=&quot;user&quot;}\n\n# \u7528\u6b63\u5219\nnode_cpu_seconds_total{instance=&quot;192.168.99.21:9100&quot;,cpu=&quot;0&quot;,mode=~&quot;idle|user&quot;}<\/code><\/pre>\n<ol start=\"3\">\n<li><code>unless<\/code>\u793a\u4f8b\uff0c\u67e5\u8be2<code>node_cpu_seconds_total<\/code>\u6307\u6807\u4e0a<code>cpu<\/code>\u7f16\u53f7\u4e3a0\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u8981\u6392\u9664\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e3a<code>idle|user|system|steal|nice<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"># \u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\nnode_cpu_seconds_total{instance=&quot;192.168.99.21:9100&quot;,cpu=&quot;0&quot;} unless node_cpu_seconds_total{instance=&quot;192.168.99.21:9100&quot;,cpu=&quot;0&quot;,mode=~&quot;idle|user|system|steal|nice&quot;}<\/code><\/pre>\n<h4>\u96c6\u5408\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u5b9e\u8df5<\/h4>\n<p>\u5b9e\u4f8b1\uff1a\u67e5\u8be2\u5b9e\u4f8b\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u6536\u6d41\u91cf\u5e76\u4e14\u7f51\u7edc\u53d1\u9001\u6d41\u91cf\uff0c\u6bcf\u79d2\u4f20\u8f93\u8d85\u8fc7<code>200Mb<\/code>\u7684\u8282\u70b9<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">#\u6a21\u62df\u63a5\u6536\u548c\u53d1\u9001\u6d41\u91cf\u2f50\u8f83\u2fbc\uff1a&quot;\u9700\u8981\u5728\u540c\u2f00\u8282\u70b9&quot;\u6a21\u62df\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u548c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\uff0c\u6267\u2f8f\u5982\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\n# 1\u3001\u6a21\u62df\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\uff1aiperf -s -p 9999\n# 2\u3001\u6a21\u62df\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\uff1aiperf -c x.x.x.x -p 9999 -b 300M -t 60\n\n# \u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\nrate(node_network_transmit_bytes_total[1m])\/1024\/1024 &gt; 200 and rate(node_network_receive_bytes_total[1m])\/1024\/1024 &gt; 200<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5b9e\u4f8b2\uff1a\u67e5\u8be2\u5f53\u524d\u78c1\u76d8\uff0c\u53ef\u7528\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e0d\u8db3<code>20GB<\/code> \u6216\u8005 \u5f53\u524d\u78c1\u76d8\u53ef\u7528\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e0d\u8db330%<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"># \u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\nnode_filesystem_avail_bytes\/1024\/1024\/1024 &lt; 20 or\nnode_filesystem_avail_bytes\/node_filesystem_size_bytes*100 &lt; 30<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5b9e\u4f8b3\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7<code>probe_http_status_code<\/code>\u6307\u6807\u83b7\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u76d1\u63a7\u7684\u7f51\u7ad9\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u7801\uff0c\u5e76\u4ece\u4e2d\u7b5b\u9009\u51fa\u5c0f\u4e8e200\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u7801\u6216\u8005\u5927\u4e8e\u7b49\u4e8e400\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u7801<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"># \u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\nprobe_http_status_code &lt; 200 or\nprobe_http_status_code &gt;= 400<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>PromQL\u805a\u5408\u64cd\u4f5c<\/h3>\n<h4>\u805a\u5408\u64cd\u4f5c\u4ecb\u7ecd<\/h4>\n<p>\u805a\u5408\u8fd0\u7b97\uff0c\u662f\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u4e2d\u7684\u6bd4\u8f83\u5e38\u89c1\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u7edf\u8ba1\u516c\u53f8\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u5458\u7684\u5e74\u9f84\uff0c\u6c42\u516c\u53f8\u6574\u4f53\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u5e74\u9f84\uff0c\u6700\u5927\u5e74\u9f84\uff0c\u6216\u6700\u5c0f\u5e74\u9f84\u7b49\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u805a\u5408\u64cd\u4f5c<strong>\u662f\u4ece\u4e00\u7ec4\u6570\u636e\u503c\u4e2d\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5355\u4e00\u7684\u503c<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u4e0d\u540c\u57ce\u5e02\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5404\u5730\u533a\u5929\u6c14\u6e29\u5ea6\u7684\u8868\u683c\u3002\u5982\u679c\u60f3\u8981\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u6709\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5982\u6e29\u5ea6\u7684\u6700\u5927\u503c\u548c\u6700\u5c0f\u503c\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u805a\u5408\u8fd0\u7b97\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/image-1730767369207.png\" alt=\"file\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u6574\u4f53\u805a\u5408<\/strong>\uff1a\u5b83\u4e0d\u4f1a\u533a\u5206\u6570\u636e\u7684\u7ef4\u5ea6\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5c06\u6240\u6709\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6574\u4f53\u6765\u5904\u7406\u3002\u8fd9\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u4e86\u89e3\u6574\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u7684\u603b\u4f53\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u6574\u4f53\u5e73\u5747\u6e29\u5ea6\uff08<code>avg<\/code>\uff09\uff1a\u8ba1\u7b97\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u5c06\u6240\u6709\u6e29\u5ea6\u503c\u76f8\u52a0\u540e\uff0c\u9664\u4ee5\u6570\u91cf<code>(27 + 11 + 14 + 5 + 4 + 19 + 12 + 12 + 30 + (-1) + 15+ 5) \/ 12 \u2248 12.83<\/code>\u5ea6<\/li>\n<li>\u6574\u4f53\u6700\u9ad8\u6e29\u5ea6\uff08<code>max<\/code>\uff09\uff1a\u6240\u6709\u533a\u57df\u4e2d\uff0c\u8bb0\u5f55\u7684\u6700\u9ad8\u6e29\u5ea6\uff0c\u4e0a\u8ff0\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u4e3a30\u5ea6\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u6574\u4f53\u6700\u4f4e\u6e29\u5ea6\uff08<code>min<\/code>\uff09\uff1a\u6240\u6709\u533a\u57df\u4e2d\uff0c\u8bb0\u5f55\u7684\u6700\u4f4e\u6e29\u5ea6\uff0c\u4e0a\u8ff0\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u4e3a-1\u5ea6\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u5206\u7ec4\u805a\u5408<\/strong>\uff1a\u662f\u6309\u7167\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u7684\u5b50\u96c6\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u7ec4\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u6309\u7167\u57ce\u5e02\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ef4\u5ea6\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u7ec4\u805a\u5408\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u522b\u8ba1\u7b97\u4e0d\u540c\u57ce\u5e02\u7684\u6c14\u6e29\u5206\u5e03\u60c5\u51b5<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5e7f\u5dde\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u6e29\u5ea6\uff08<code>avg<\/code>\uff09\uff1a\u5e7f\u5dde\u6240\u6709\u533a\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u6e29\u5ea6\u662f<code>(27 + 11 + 14) \/ 3 = 17.33<\/code>\u5ea6<\/li>\n<li>\u4e0a\u6d77\u7684\u6700\u9ad8\u6e29\u5ea6\uff08<code>max<\/code>\uff09\uff1a\u4e0a\u6d77\u5404\u533a\u4e2d\u7684\u6700\u9ad8\u6e29\u5ea6\uff0c\u4e3a\u5f90\u6c47\u533a\u768430\u5ea6\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u6b66\u6c49\u7684\u6700\u4f4e\u6e29\u5ea6\uff08<code>min<\/code>\uff09\uff1a\u6b66\u6c49\u5404\u533a\u4e2d\u7684\u6700\u4f4e\u6e29\u5ea6\uff0c\u4e3a\u6b66\u660c\u533a\u7684-1\u5ea6\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>PromQL\u805a\u5408\u4ecb\u7ecd<\/h4>\n<p><code>prometheus<\/code>\u7684\u805a\u5408\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e0e\u6b64\u524d\u521a\u624d\u6240\u63cf\u8ff0\u7684\u5e38\u89c4\u805a\u5408\u5728\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u662f\u76f8\u4f3c\u7684\uff0c\u53ea\u4e0d\u8fc7\u5b83\u652f\u6301\u591a\u79cd\u805a\u5408\u8fd0\u7b97\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><code>max<\/code>\uff1a\u8ba1\u7b97\u4e00\u7ec4\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u4e2d\u7684\u6700\u5927\u503c<\/li>\n<li><code>min<\/code>\uff1a\u8ba1\u7b97\u4e00\u7ec4\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u4e2d\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u503c<\/li>\n<li><code>avg<\/code>\uff1a\u8ba1\u7b97\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u503c<\/li>\n<li><code>sum<\/code>\uff1a\u8ba1\u7b97\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u503c\u5f97\u603b\u548c<\/li>\n<li><code>count<\/code>\uff1a\u5b83\u4e0d\u8003\u8651\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u5f97\u5177\u4f53\u503c\uff0c\u4ec5\u7528\u6765\u7edf\u8ba1\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u7edf\u8ba1\u4e0d\u540c<code>OS<\/code>\u7684\u6570\u91cf\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u7edf\u8ba1\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u4e2a\u6b63\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u7684<code>Pod<\/code>\u7b49\u7b49<\/li>\n<li><code>count_values<\/code>\uff1a\u5bf9\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6837\u672c\u7684\u503c\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u91cf\u7edf\u8ba1\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<code>http<\/code>\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u7801\uff0c200\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u591a\u5c11\u6b21\uff0c404\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u591a\u5c11\u6b21\uff0c500\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u591a\u5c11\u6b21<\/li>\n<li><code>topk<\/code><\/li>\n<li><code>bottomk<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u9664\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e9b\u57fa\u672c\u805a\u5408\u529f\u80fd\u5916\uff0c<code>prometheus<\/code>\u4e5f\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5206\u7ec4\u805a\u5408\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u7684\u6807\u7b7e\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u7ec4\u805a\u5408<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><code>by<\/code>\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7<code>by<\/code>\u5173\u952e\u5b57\uff0c\u660e\u786e\u6307\u5b9a\u4fdd\u7559\u54ea\u4e9b\u6807\u7b7e\u8fdb\u884c\u805a\u5408\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u6807\u7b7e\u5c06\u88ab\u5ffd\u7565<\/li>\n<li><code>without<\/code>\uff1a\u4e0e<code>by<\/code>\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c<code>without<\/code>\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u7528\u4e8e\u6307\u5b9a\u8981\u6392\u9664\u7684\u6807\u7b7e\uff0c\u800c\u5269\u4e0b\u7684\u6807\u7b7e\u5219\u7528\u4e8e\u805a\u5408\u548c\u5206\u7ec4\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>PromQL\u805a\u5408\u5b9e\u8df5<\/h4>\n<p>\u5b9e\u4f8b1\uff1a\u67e5\u8be2\u6240\u6709\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u6700\u8fd11\u5206\u949f\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\uff0c\u662f\u5426\u9ad8\u4e8e<code>cpu<\/code>\u6838\u5fc3\u6570\u768430%<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"># \u83b7\u53d6\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\nsum(node_load1) by (instance)\n\n# cpu\u6838\u5fc3\u6570\u768430%\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\ncount(node_cpu_seconds_total{mode=&quot;idle&quot;}) by (instance) * 0.3\n\n# \u6574\u4f53\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\nsum(node_load1) by (instance) &gt; count(node_cpu_seconds_total{mode=&quot;idle&quot;}) by (instance) * 0.3<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5b9e\u4f8b2\uff1a\u67e5\u8be2\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u7684<code>cpu<\/code>\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\uff0c\u6307\u6807\u540d\u79f0\uff1a<code>node_cpu_seconds_total<\/code><\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"># \u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff1a\uff081-cpu\u6574\u4f53\u7a7a\u95f2\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\uff09*100=cpu\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\n(1-avg(rate(node_cpu_seconds_total{mode=&quot;idle&quot;}[1m])) by (instance))*100<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5b9e\u4f8b3\uff1a\u67e5\u8be2\u6240\u6709\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u6700\u8fd11\u5206\u949f\u78c1\u76d8\u7684\u6700\u5927\u5199\u5165\u901f\u7387\uff0c\u4ee5<code>MB\/s<\/code>\u4e3a\u5355\u4f4d\uff0c\u6307\u6807\u540d\u79f0\uff1a<code>node_disk_written_bytes_total<\/code><\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"># \u6a21\u62df\u6570\u636e\u5199\u2f0a\uff0c\u590d\u52362G\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u63a7\u5236\u6bcf\u79d220M\u5de6\u53f3\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u5199\n# yum install pv -y\n# dd if=\/dev\/zero bs=1M count=2000 | pv -L 20M &gt; \/tmp\/bigdata\n\n# \u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff1a\u83b7\u53d6\u6bcf\u5206\u949f\u7684\u78c1\u76d8\u901f\u7387\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u63d0\u53d6\u6700\u5927\u7684\u503c\nmax(rate(node_disk_written_bytes_total[1m])) by (instance)\/1024\/1024<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5b9e\u4f8b4\uff1a\u67e5\u8be2\u6240\u6709\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u6700\u8fd11\u5206\u949f\u78c1\u76d8\u7684\u8bfb\u53d6\u901f\u7387\uff0c\u4ee5<code>MB\/s<\/code>\u4e3a\u5355\u4f4d\uff0c\u6307\u6807\u540d\u79f0\uff1a<code>node_disk_read_bytes_total<\/code><\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"># \u6a21\u62df\u6570\u636e\u8bfb\u53d6\uff0c\u8bfb\u53d6\/tmp\/bigdata\u2f42\u4ef6\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4ee5\u6bcf\u79d215MB\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u8bfb\u53d6\n# yum install pv -y\n# pv -L 15M \/tmp\/bigdata &gt; \/dev\/null\n# \u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\nmax(rate(node_disk_read_bytes_total[1m])) by (instance) \/1024 \/1024<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5b9e\u4f8b5\uff1a\u8ba1\u7b97<code>prometheus<\/code>\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684<code>http<\/code>\u8bf7\u6c42\u6210\u529f\u7387\uff0c\u6307\u6807\u540d\u79f0\uff1a<code>prometheus_http_requests_total<\/code><\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"># \u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\nsum(prometheus_http_requests_total{code=~&quot;2.*|3.*&quot;})\/sum(prometheus_http_requests_total)*100\n\n# \u7ed3\u679c\n{} 99.93752484807179  # \u7f51\u7ad9\u6574\u4f53\u8bf7\u6c42\u6210\u529f\u7387\u572899.9%<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5b9e\u4f8b6\uff1a\u67e5\u8be2\u8bf7\u6c42\u6392\u540d\u524d\u4e09\u7684<code>url<\/code>\uff0c\u6307\u6807\u540d\u79f0\uff1a<code>prometheus_http_requests_total<\/code><\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"># \u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\nsum(topk(3,prometheus_http_requests_total)) by (handler)\n\n# \u7ed3\u679c\n{handler=&quot;\/metrics&quot;} 46463\n{handler=&quot;\/api\/v1\/query_range&quot;} 3649\n{handler=&quot;\/api\/v1\/query&quot;} 2849<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>PromQL\u65f6\u95f4\u805a\u5408\u64cd\u4f5c<\/h3>\n<h4>PromQL\u65f6\u95f4\u805a\u5408\u4ecb\u7ecd<\/h4>\n<p>\u5728<code>prometheus<\/code>\u4e2d\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u53ef\u4ee5<strong>\u7eb5\u5411\u7684\u805a\u5408<\/strong>\u4ee5\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u57fa\u4e8e\u65f6\u95f4\u805a\u5408\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f<strong>\u6a2a\u5411\u805a\u5408<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u65f6\u95f4\u805a\u5408\u4e0d\u662f\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u805a\u5408\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5728\u5355\u4e2a\u5e8f\u5217\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u65f6\u95f4\u70b9\u4e4b\u95f4\u8fdb\u884c\u805a\u5408<\/strong>\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5355\u4e2a\u5e8f\u5217\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba1\u7b97\u8fc7\u53bb\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u7684\u6700\u5927\u503c\uff0c\u6700\u5c0f\u503c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5e73\u5747\u503c\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><code>avg_over_time(range-vector)<\/code>\uff1a\u533a\u95f4\u5411\u91cf\u5185\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6307\u6807\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u503c<\/li>\n<li><code>min_over_time(range-vector)<\/code>\uff1a\u533a\u95f4\u5411\u91cf\u5185\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6307\u6807\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u503c<\/li>\n<li><code>max_over_time(range-vector)<\/code>\uff1a\u533a\u95f4\u5411\u91cf\u5185\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6307\u6807\u7684\u6700\u5927\u503c<\/li>\n<li><code>sum_over_time(range-vector)<\/code>\uff1a\u533a\u95f4\u5411\u91cf\u5185\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6307\u6807\u7684\u6c42\u548c<\/li>\n<li><code>count_over_time(range-vectro)<\/code>\uff1a\u533a\u95f4\u5411\u91cf\u5185\u6307\u6807\u6837\u672c\u7684\u603b\u4e2a\u6570<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/image-1730789202392.png\" alt=\"file\" \/><\/p>\n<h4>PromQL\u65f6\u95f4\u805a\u5408\u5b9e\u8df5<\/h4>\n<p>\u5b9e\u4f8b1\uff1a\u67e5\u8be2\u6700\u8fd11\u5206\u949f\u5185<code>tcp_timewait<\/code>\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u7684\u6700\u5927\u503c\uff0c\u5e76\u68c0\u67e5\u662f\u5426\u8d85\u8fc71000\u4e2a\uff0c<br \/>\n\u6307\u6807\u540d\u79f0\uff1a<code>node_tcp_connection_states{state=&quot;time_wait&quot;}<\/code><\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"># \u6a21\u62df\u2f24\u91cftcp_timewait\uff1aab -n 1000 -c 2 http:\/\/localhost:9090\/\n\n# \u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\nmax_over_time(node_tcp_connection_states{state=&quot;time_wait&quot;}[1m])  &gt; 1000<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5b9e\u4f8b2\uff1a\u67e5\u8be2\u6700\u8fd11\u5206\u949f\u5185<code>tcp_estableshed<\/code>\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u7684\u6700\u5927\u503c\uff0c\u5e76\u68c0\u67e5\u662f\u5426\u8d85\u8fc7100\u4e2a\uff0c\u6307\u6807\u540d\u79f0\uff1a<code>node_tcp_connection_states{state=&quot;estableshed&quot;}<\/code><\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"># \u6a21\u62dfestablished\uff1a\n# \u670d\u52a1\u7aef\uff08node01\uff09\uff1anc -lk 2345\n# \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\uff08node02\uff09\uff1afor i in {1..1000}; do nc prom-node01.oldxu.net 2345 &gt;\/dev\/null 2&gt;&amp;1 &amp; done\n\n# \u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\nmax_over_time(node_tcp_connection_states{state=&quot;established&quot;}[1m]) &gt; 100<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5b9e\u4f8b3\uff1a \u67e5\u8be2\u7f51\u7ad91\u5206\u949f\u5e73\u5747\u8bf7\u6c42\u5ef6\u8fdf\u5927\u4e8e<code>3s<\/code>\u7684\u7ad9\u70b9\uff0c\u6307\u6807\u540d\u79f0\uff1a<code>probe_duration_seconds<\/code>(\u9700\u8981<code>blackbox<\/code>)<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"># \u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\navg_over_time(probe_duration_seconds[1m]) &gt; 3<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5b9e\u4f8b4\uff1a \u67e5\u8be2<code>mysql<\/code>\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5728\u6700\u8fd11\u5206\u949f\u5185\u5e73\u5747\u8fd0\u884c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6570\u8d85\u8fc750\u7684\u3002\u6307\u6807\u540d\u79f0\uff1a<code>mysql_global_status_threads_running<\/code><\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"># \u6a21\u62dfMySQL\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6570\nfor i in {1..120} ; do\nmysql -e &quot;SELECT SLEEP(60);&quot; &amp;\ndone\n\n# \u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\navg_over_time(mysql_global_status_threads_running[1m]) &gt; 50<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5b9e\u4f8b5\uff1a\u67e5\u8be2\u4ee5\u76d1\u63a7<code>mysql<\/code>\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8fc7\u53bb1\u5206\u949f\u5185\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5f53\u524d\u6253\u5f00\u7684\u6700\u5927\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6570\u503c\u8d85\u8fc7\u4e86\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u914d\u7f6e\u7684\u6700\u5927\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u7684<code>80%<\/code>\u5219\u89e6\u53d1\u544a\u8b66\u3002<br \/>\n\u6307\u6807\u540d\u79f0\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><code>mysql_global_status_threads_connected<\/code>\uff08\u8868\u793a\u5f53\u524d\u6253\u5f00\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\uff09<\/li>\n<li><code>mysql_global_variables_max_connections<\/code>\uff08\u8868\u793a\u914d\u7f6e\u5141\u8bb8\u7684\u6700\u5927\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"># \u6a21\u62dfMySQL\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\nfor i in {1..120} ; do\nmysql -e &quot;SELECT SLEEP(60);&quot; &amp;\ndone\n\n# \u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\nmax_over_time(mysql_global_status_threads_connected[1m]) \/ mysql_global_va\nriables_max_connections * 100 &gt; 80<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>PromQL\u5411\u91cf\u5339\u914d<\/h3>\n<h4>PromQL\u5411\u91cf\u5339\u914d\u4ecb\u7ecd<\/h4>\n<p>\u5728<code>Prometheus<\/code>\u4e2d\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u5411\u91cf\u4e0e\u5411\u91cf\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8fd0\u7b97\u65f6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u9075\u5faa\u5411\u91cf\u5339\u914d\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4e24\u4e2a\u5411\u91cf\u5fc5\u987b\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u6807\u7b7e\uff0c\u4e14\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6807\u7b7e\u503c\u4e5f\u5fc5\u987b\u5b8c\u5168\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u8fd9\u624d\u80fd\u8fdb\u884c\u8fd0\u7b97\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u4e2a\u6807\u7b7e\u6216\u6807\u7b7e\u503c\u4e0d\u5339\u914d\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6b64\u6b21\u7684\u8fd0\u7b97\u5c06\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6267\u884c\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u5339\u914d\u89c4\u5219\u4e5f\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u5411\u91cf\u7684\u4e00\u5bf9\u4e00\u5339\u914d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4e0b\u9762\u4e24\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u53ef\u4ee5\u6210\u529f\u8fdb\u884c\u4e00\u5bf9\u4e00\u5339\u914d\uff0c\u800c\u540e\u53ef\u4ee5\u6b63\u5e38\u6267\u884c\u5404\u79cd\u8fd0\u7b97\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><code>http_requests_total{job=&quot;webserver&quot;,instance=&quot;prom-node01:9100&quot;}<\/code><\/li>\n<li><code>http_requests_duration_seconds{job=&quot;webserver&quot;,instance=&quot;prom-node01:9100&quot;}<\/code><br \/>\n\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u6807\u7b7e\u4ee5\u53ca\u6807\u7b7e\u503c\u5b8c\u5168\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5b83\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u8fdb\u884c\u8fd0\u7b97\u64cd\u4f5c<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>PromQL\u4e00\u5bf9\u4e00\u5411\u91cf\u5339\u914d<\/h4>\n<p>\u4f46\u662f\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u76d1\u63a7\u573a\u666f\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u7ecf\u5e38\u9047\u5230\u6807\u7b7e\u4e0d\u5b8c\u5168\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u5411\u91cf\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u4eec\u4ecd\u7136\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u8fd0\u7b97\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><code>prometheus_http_requests_total{job=&quot;webserver&quot;,instance=&quot;prom-node01:9100&quot;} 3200<\/code>\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u8be5\u5b9e\u4f8b\u7684<code>http<\/code>\u8bf7\u6c42\u603b\u6570<\/li>\n<li><code>prometheus_http_requests_status_total{job=&quot;webserver&quot;,instance=&quot;prom-node01:9100,method=&quot;GET&quot;} 500<\/code>\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u8be5\u5b9e\u4f8b\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528<code>get<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684<code>http<\/code>\u8bf7\u6c42\u603b\u6570\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u60f3\u8981\u8ba1\u7b97\u4f7f\u7528<code>get<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u603b\u6570\uff0c\u5360\u603b\u8bf7\u6c42\u6570\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\u662f\u591a\u5c11\u3002\u7406\u60f3\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u516c\u5f0f\u662f\uff1a<code>get<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u603b\u6570 \/ \u603b\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u6570 * 100 = <code>get<\/code>\u8bf7\u6c42\u6240\u5360\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\u3002\u4f46\u7531\u4e8e\u4e24\u4e2a\u5411\u91cf\u7684\u6807\u7b7e\u4e0d\u5b8c\u5168\u76f8\u540c\uff08\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709<code>method<\/code>\u6807\u7b7e\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6ca1\u6709\uff09\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u65e0\u6cd5\u76f4\u63a5\u8fdb\u884c\u8ba1\u7b97\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u501f\u52a9<code>PromQL<\/code>\u7684\u5411\u91cf\u5339\u914d\u9009\u9879<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u57fa\u4e8e\u6807\u7b7e\u7684\u5339\u914d\uff08<code>on<\/code>\uff09\uff1a\u6307\u5b9a\u57fa\u4e8e\u54ea\u4e9b\u6807\u7b7e\u8fdb\u884c\u5339\u914d\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u5f53\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u6807\u7b7e\u53ca\u5176\u503c\u5728\u4e24\u4e2a\u5411\u91cf\u4e2d\u90fd\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u5411\u91cf\u4e4b\u95f4\u624d\u80fd\u8fdb\u884c\u8fd0\u7b97\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5ffd\u7565\u6807\u7b7e\u7684\u5339\u914d\uff08<code>ignoring<\/code>\uff09\uff1a\u6307\u5b9a\u5ffd\u7565\u67d0\u4e9b\u6807\u7b7e\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u8fd0\u7b97\u65f6\u4e0d\u8003\u8651\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6807\u7b7e\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u5176\u4ed6\u6807\u7b7e\u4ee5\u53ca\u6807\u7b7e\u7684\u503c\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u5411\u91cf\u4e4b\u95f4\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u8fd0\u7b97\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u65b9\u5f0f1\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528<code>on<\/code>\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u5339\u914d\u7279\u5b9a\u6807\u7b7e\uff0c\u660e\u786e\u6307\u5b9a\u4ec5\u57fa\u4e8e<code>job<\/code>\u548c<code>instance<\/code>\u6807\u7b7e\u8fdb\u884c\u5339\u914d<\/p>\n<p>\u65b9\u5f0f2\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528<code>ignoring<\/code>\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u5ffd\u7565\u7279\u5b9a\u6807\u7b7e\uff0c\u5ffd\u7565\u4e0d\u5e0c\u671b\u53c2\u4e0e\u5339\u914d\u7684<code>method<\/code>\u6807\u7b7e<\/p>\n<h4>PromQL\u4e00\u5bf9\u591a\u5411\u91cf\u5339\u914d<\/h4>\n<p>\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u76d1\u63a7\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u4f1a\u9047\u5230\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u4e00\u5bf9\u591a\u5411\u91cf\u5339\u914d\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u5373\u4e00\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u70b9\u9700\u8981\u4e0e\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u4e2d\u7684\u591a\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u70b9\u8fdb\u884c\u5339\u914d\u8fd0\u7b97\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e3e\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u5982\u4e0b\u4e24\u4e2a\u6307\u6807\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"># \u7b2c\u2f00\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\uff1a\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e86\u4e0d\u540cHTTP\u2f45\u6cd5\u548c\u72b6\u6001\u7801\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u8bf7\u6c42\u603b\u6570\u3002\noldxu_requests_error_total{job=&quot;webserver&quot;, method=&quot;GET&quot;,code=&quot;500&quot;} 220\noldxu_requests_error_total{job=&quot;webserver&quot;, method=&quot;GET&quot;,code=&quot;404&quot;} 130\noldxu_requests_error_total{job=&quot;webserver&quot;, method=&quot;PUT&quot;,code=&quot;501&quot;} 3\noldxu_requests_error_total{job=&quot;webserver&quot;, method=&quot;POST&quot;,code=&quot;500&quot;} 34\noldxu_requests_error_total{job=&quot;webserver&quot;, method=&quot;POST&quot;,code=&quot;502&quot;} 48\n\n# \u7b2c\u2f06\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\uff1a\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e86\u6bcf\u79cdHTTP\u2f45\u6cd5\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u603b\u6570\u3002\noldxu_requests_instance_total{job=&quot;webserver&quot;,method=&quot;GET&quot;} 600\noldxu_requests_instance_total{job=&quot;webserver&quot;,&quot;method&quot;=&quot;POST&quot;} 120<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u8ba1\u7b97\u6bcf\u79cd<code>http<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\uff08<code>get<\/code>\u548c<code>post<\/code>\uff09\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e0d\u540c\u72b6\u6001\u7801\uff08404\u548c500\uff09\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u5360\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u603b\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\u3002\u5927\u4f53\u8ba1\u7b97\u516c\u5f0f\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"># 1\u3001GET\u2f45\u6cd5\u4e3a500\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u603b\u6570 \/ GET\u7684\u603b\u8bf7\u6c42\u6570 * 100 = GET 500\u9519\u8bef\u2f50\u4f8b\u3002 (220 \/\n600 * 100 = 21.666666666666668)\n# 2\u3001GET\u2f45\u6cd5\u4e3a404\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u603b\u6570 \/ GET\u7684\u603b\u8bf7\u6c42\u6570 * 100 = GET 404\u9519\u8bef\u2f50\u4f8b\u3002 (130 \/\n600 * 100 = 36.666666666666664)\n# 3\u3001POST\u2f45\u6cd5\u4e3a500\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u603b\u6570 \/ POST\u7684\u603b\u8bf7\u6c42\u6570 * 100 = POST 500\u9519\u8bef\u2f50\u4f8b\u3002 (34 \/ 1\n20 * 100 = 28.333333333333332)\n# 4\u3001POST\u2f45\u6cd5\u4e3a502\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u603b\u6570 \/ POST\u7684\u603b\u8bf7\u6c42\u6570 * 100 = POST 502\u9519\u8bef\u2f50\u4f8b\u3002 (48 \/ 1\n20 * 100 = 40 )<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e00\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u9700\u8981\u89e3\u51b3\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p>\u6807\u7b7e\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\uff1a<br \/>\n\u5177\u4f53\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u4e24\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u7684\u6807\u7b7e\u96c6\u5408\u4e0d\u5b8c\u5168\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c<code>oldxu_requests_error_total<\/code>\u5305\u542b<code>code<\/code>\u6807\u7b7e\uff0c\u800c<code>oldxu_requests_instance_total<\/code>\u4e0d\u5305\u542b\u3002<br \/>\n\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528<code>ignoring\uff08code\uff09<\/code>\u6765\u5ffd\u7565<code>code<\/code>\u6807\u7b7e\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4f7f\u5f97\u4e24\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u5728\u6ca1\u6709<code>code<\/code>\u6807\u7b7e\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u5339\u914d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u4e00\u5bf9\u591a\u5339\u914d\uff1a<br \/>\n\u5177\u4f53\u95ee\u9898\uff1a<code>oldxu_requests_error_total<\/code>\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u70b9\uff0c\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u4e0e<code>oldxu_requests_instance_total<\/code>\u4e2d\u7684\u603b\u8bf7\u6c42\u6570\u76f8\u5dee\u3002<br \/>\n\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a\u5fc5\u987b\u660e\u786e\u5de6\u4fa7\u8fd8\u662f\u53f3\u4fa7\u4e3a\u591a\u7684\u4ee5\u4fbf\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528<code>group_left<\/code>\u6216<code>group_right<\/code>\u6765\u6307\u660e\u54ea\u4e2a\u662f\u591a\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u8fdb\u884c\u5339\u914d<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u56e0\u6b64\u5b8c\u6574\u7684<code>PromQl<\/code>\u67e5\u8be2\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>1.\u4f7f\u7528<code>ignoring\uff08code\uff09<\/code>\u5ffd\u7565\u5de6\u4fa7\u67e5\u8be2<code>oldxu_requests_error_total<\/code>\u4e2d\u7684<code>code<\/code>\u6807\u7b7e<\/li>\n<li>2.\u4f7f\u7528<code>group_left<\/code>\u4fee\u9970\u7b26\u6765\u786e\u4fdd\u5b83\u80fd\u591f\u4e0e\u6807\u7b7e\u8f83\u5c11\u7684\u53f3\u4fa7\u8fdb\u884c\u5339\u914d<\/li>\n<li>3.\u5c06\u5339\u914d\u540e\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u76f8\u9664\uff0c\u5e76\u4e58\u4ee5100\u5f97\u5230\u767e\u5206\u6bd4\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"># \u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\noldxu_requests_error_total\n\/ ignoring (code)\ngroup_left\noldxu_requests_instance_total * 100<\/code><\/pre>\n<h4>PromQL\u5411\u91cf\u5339\u914d\u793a\u4f8b<\/h4>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/image-1730880540638.png\" alt=\"file\" \/><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/image-1730880650625.png\" alt=\"file\" \/><\/p>\n<h4>PromQL\u5411\u91cf\u5339\u914d\u5b9e\u8df5<\/h4>\n<p>\u5b9e\u4f8b1\uff1a\u67e5\u8be2\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f8b<code>cpu<\/code>\u7684\u5404\u4e2a\u6a21\u5f0f\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u5360\u603b<code>cpu<\/code>\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u6bd4\u4f8b\u662f\u591a\u5c11\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5360\u591a\u5c11\u767e\u5206\u6bd4<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u83b7\u53d6\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5404\u4e2a\u6a21\u5f0f\u5360\u7528<code>cpu<\/code>\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u6309\u7167\uff08<code>instance\u3001mode<\/code>\uff09\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u7ec4\u5e76\u6c42\u548c<\/li>\n<li>\u83b7\u53d6\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f8b\u603b\u5360\u7528<code>cpu<\/code>\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u6309\u7167\uff08<code>instance<\/code>\uff09\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u7ec4\u6c42\u548c\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u5c06\u6bcf\u79cd\u6a21\u5f0f\u6240\u4f7f\u7528\u7684<code>cpu<\/code>\u65f6\u95f4 \/ <code>cpu<\/code>\u603b\u7684\u65f6\u95f4 * 100 = \u6bcf\u79cd\u6a21\u5f0f\u5360\u603b<code>cpu<\/code>\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u767e\u5206\u6bd4<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"># \u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\nsum(node_cpu_seconds_total) by (instance,mode)\n\/ on (instance) group_left\nsum(node_cpu_seconds_total) by (instance,job) * 100<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5b9e\u4f8b2\uff1a\u67e5\u8be2\u6bcf\u4e2a<code>cpu<\/code>\u6838\u5fc3\u4e0a\u4e0d\u540c\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u5360\u603b<code>cpu<\/code>\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u6bd4\u7387\u662f\u591a\u5c11\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5360\u591a\u5c11\u767e\u5206\u6bd4<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>1.\u8ba1\u7b97\u6bcf\u4e2a<code>cpu<\/code>\u5728\u5404\u4e2a\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\u7684\u7d2f\u8ba1cpu\u4f7f\u7528\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u6309\u7167<code>\uff08instanc\u3001cpu\u3001mode<\/code>\uff09\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u7ec4\u5e76\u6c42\u548c<\/li>\n<li>2.\u8ba1\u7b97\u6bcf\u4e2a<code>cpu<\/code>\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u603b<code>cpu<\/code>\u65f6\u95f4\u4e0d\u533a\u5206\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u6309\u7167<code>\uff08instanc\u3001cpu\uff09<\/code>\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u7ec4\u5e76\u6c42\u548c<\/li>\n<li>3.\u6bcf\u4e2a<code>cpu<\/code>\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u5404\u4e2a\u6a21\u5f0f \/ <code>cpu<\/code>\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u603b\u65f6\u95f4 * 100 = \u6bcf\u4e2a<code>cpu<\/code>\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u5404\u4e2a\u6a21\u5f0f\u65f6\u95f4\u5360\u7528\u767e\u5206\u6bd4<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"># \u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\nsum(node_cpu_seconds_total{instance=&quot;192.168.99.7:9100&quot;}) by (instance,mode,cpu)\n\/ ignoring (mode) \ngroup_left\nsum(node_cpu_seconds_total{instance=&quot;192.168.99.7:9100&quot;}) by (instance,cpu)<\/code><\/pre>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>PromQL\u57fa\u7840\u6982\u5ff5 \u4ec0\u4e48\u662fPromQL prometheus\u5185\u7f6e\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u8bed\u8a00\uff1aPromQL\uff0c\u5373pro&#8230; &raquo; <a class=\"read-more-link\" href=\"http:\/\/blue.yn.cn\/?p=1647\">\u9605\u8bfb\u5168\u6587<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[20],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1647","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-prometheus"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/blue.yn.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1647","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/blue.yn.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/blue.yn.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/blue.yn.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/blue.yn.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1647"}],"version-history":[{"count":17,"href":"http:\/\/blue.yn.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1647\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1866,"href":"http:\/\/blue.yn.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1647\/revisions\/1866"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/blue.yn.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1647"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/blue.yn.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1647"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/blue.yn.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1647"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}