{"id":2042,"date":"2025-06-02T10:41:35","date_gmt":"2025-06-02T02:41:35","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blue.yn.cn\/?p=2042"},"modified":"2025-06-08T10:13:31","modified_gmt":"2025-06-08T02:13:31","slug":"%e6%96%87%e4%bb%b6%e6%93%8d%e4%bd%9c","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/blue.yn.cn\/?p=2042","title":{"rendered":"\u6587\u4ef6\u64cd\u4f5c"},"content":{"rendered":"<h3>\u6587\u4ef6\u57fa\u7840\u64cd\u4f5c<\/h3>\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\"># \u6587\u4ef6\u5c31\u662f\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u67d0\u79cd\u957f\u671f\u50a8\u5b58\u8bbe\u5907\u4e0a\u7684\u4e00\u6bb5\u6570\u636e\n# \u6587\u4ef6\u64cd\u4f5c\n# \u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6 ---&gt; \u8bfb\uff0c\u5199\u6587\u4ef6 --&gt; \u5173\u95ed\u6587\u4ef6\n# \u6587\u4ef6\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\n# open()\uff1a\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2afile\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u662f\u4ee5\u53ea\u8bfb\u6a21\u5f0f\u6253\u5f00\n# read(n)\uff1an\u8868\u793a\u4ece\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u8bfb\u53d6\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u4f20n\u503c\u5c31\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u8bfb\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5185\u5bb9\n# write()\uff1a\u5c06\u6307\u5b9a\u5185\u5bb9\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\n# close()\uff1a\u5173\u95ed\u6587\u4ef6\n# \u6587\u4ef6\u5c5e\u6027\n# \u6587\u4ef6\u540d.name\uff1a\u8fd4\u56de\u8981\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5305\u542b\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u8def\u5f84\n# \u6587\u4ef6\u540d.mode\uff1a\u8fd4\u56de\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u6a21\u5f0f\n# \u6587\u4ef6\u540d.closed\uff1a\u68c0\u6d4b\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u5426\u5173\u95ed\uff0c\u5173\u95ed\u5c31\u8fd4\u56deTrue\n# 1.\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\nf = open(&#039;test.txt&#039;)\nprint(f.name)  # \u6587\u4ef6\u540d\nprint(f.mode)  # \u6587\u4ef6\u8bbf\u95ee\u6a21\u5f0f\nprint(f.closed)\n# 2.\u5173\u95ed\u6587\u4ef6\nf.close()\nprint(f.closed)\ntest.txt\nr\nFalse\nTrue\n\n# \u8bfb\u5199\u64cd\u4f5c\n# read(n)\uff1an\u8868\u793a\u4ece\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u8bfb\u53d6\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\nf = open(r&#039;C:\\Users\\18977\\Desktop\\test.txt&#039;)\nprint(f)\nprint(f.name)  # \u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\nprint(f.read())\nf.close()\n&lt;_io.TextIOWrapper name=&#039;C:\\\\Users\\\\18977\\\\Desktop\\\\test.txt&#039; mode=&#039;r&#039; encoding=&#039;cp936&#039;&gt;\nC:\\Users\\18977\\Desktop\\test.txt\nhahaha\n\n# readline()\uff1a\u4e00\u6b21\u8bfb\u53d6\u4e00\u884c\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u65b9\u6cd5\u6267\u884c\u5b8c\uff0c\u4f1a\u628a\u6587\u4ef6\u6307\u9488\u79fb\u5230\u4e00\u4e0b\u884c\uff0c\u51c6\u5907\u518d\u6b21\u8bfb\u53d6\nf = open(&#039;test.txt&#039;)\nwhile True:\n    text = f.readline()  # \u8bfb\u53d6\u4e00\u884c\u5185\u5bb9\n    # \u8bfb\u53d6\u4e0d\u5230\u5185\u5bb9\u8981\u9000\u51fa\u5faa\u73af\n    if not text:\n        break\n    print(text)\nf.close()\nbingbing18\n\nsusu18\n\nziyi18\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\"># readlines()\uff1a\u6309\u7167\u884c\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u628a\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u8bfb\u53d6\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u884c\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5c31\u662f\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\nf = open(&#039;test.txt&#039;)\ntext = f.readlines()\nprint(text)  # \u8fd4\u56de\u5217\u8868\nprint(type(text))\nf.close()\n[&#039;bingbing18\\n&#039;, &#039;susu18\\n&#039;, &#039;ziyi18&#039;]\n&lt;class &#039;list&#039;&gt;\n\nf = open(&#039;test.txt&#039;)\ntext = f.readlines()\nfor i in text:\n    print(i)\nf.close()\nbingbing18\n\nsusu18\n\nziyi18<\/code><\/pre>\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\"># \u8bbf\u95ee\u6a21\u5f0f\n# r\uff1a\u53ea\u8bfb\u6a21\u5f0f\uff08\u9ed8\u8ba4\u6a21\u5f0f\uff09\uff0c\u6587\u4ef6\u5fc5\u987b\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u5c31\u4f1a\u62a5\u9519\n# w\uff1a\u53ea\u5199\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u6587\u4ef6\u5b58\u5728\u5c31\u4f1a\u5148\u6e05\u7a7a\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u518d\u5199\u5165\u6dfb\u52a0\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u5c31\u521b\u5efa\u6587\u4ef6\nfile = open(&#039;test01.txt&#039;,&#039;w&#039;)\nfile.write(&#039;...&#039;)  # \u91cd\u65b0\u7f16\u8f91\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u539f\u6709\u5185\u5bb9\u4f1a\u88ab\u8986\u76d6\nfile.close()\n# +\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u53ef\u4ee5\u540c\u65f6\u8bfb\u5199\u67d0\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\n# \u4f7f\u7528+\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u8bfb\u5199\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u66f4\u591a\u65f6\u5019\u4f1a\u4ee5\u53ea\u8bfb\u3001\u53ea\u5199\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u64cd\u4f5c\u6587\u4ef6\n# r+\uff1a\u53ef\u8bfb\u5199\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u5c31\u4f1a\u62a5\u9519\n# w+\uff1a\u5148\u5199\u518d\u8bfb\uff0c\u6587\u4ef6\u5b58\u5728\u5c31\u91cd\u65b0\u7f16\u8f91\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u5c31\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u6587\u4ef6\nf = open(&#039;test.txt&#039;,&#039;w+&#039;)\nf.write(&#039;susu&#039;)\nprint(f.read())\nf.close()\n# a\uff1a\u8ffd\u52a0\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u5c31\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u6587\u4ef6\u8fdb\u884c\u5199\u5165\uff0c\u5b58\u5728\u5219\u5728\u539f\u6709\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u6dfb\u52a0\u65b0\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\nf = open(&#039;test.txt&#039;,&#039;a&#039;)\nf.write(&#039;\\ntest is being written&#039;)\nf.close()\n# \u6587\u4ef6\u6307\u9488\uff1a\u6807\u8bb0\u4ece\u54ea\u4e2a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u5f00\u59cb\u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e\n# \u6587\u4ef6\u5b9a\u4f4d\u64cd\u4f5c\n# tell()\u548cseek()\n# tell()\uff1a\u663e\u793a\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5f53\u524d\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u5373\u6587\u4ef6\u6307\u9488\u5f53\u524d\u4f4d\u7f6e\n# seek(offset,whence)\uff1a\u79fb\u52a8\u6587\u4ef6\u8bfb\u53d6\u6307\u9488\u5230\u6307\u5b9a\u4f4d\u7f6e\n# offset\uff1a\u504f\u79fb\u91cf\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u8981\u79fb\u52a8\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u6570\n# whence\uff1a\u8d77\u59cb\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u79fb\u52a8\u5b57\u8282\u7684\u53c2\u8003\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u662f0\uff0c0\u4ee3\u8868\u6587\u4ef6\u5f00\u5934\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53c2\u8003\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c1\u4ee3\u8868\u5f53\u524d\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53c2\u8003\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c2\u4ee3\u8868\u6587\u4ef6\u7ed3\u5c3e\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53c2\u8003\u4f4d\u7f6e\n# seek(0,0)\u5c31\u4f1a\u628a\u6587\u4ef6\u6307\u9488\u79fb\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u5f00\u5934\nf = open(&#039;test.txt&#039;,&#039;w+&#039;)\nf.write(&#039;hello python&#039;)\npos = f.tell()  # 12\uff0c\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u957f\u5ea6\nprint(&#039;\u5f53\u524d\u6587\u4ef6\u6307\u9488\u6240\u5728\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff1a&#039;,pos)\nf.seek(0,0)\npos2 = f.tell()\nprint(&#039;\u79fb\u52a8\u540e\u6240\u5728\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff1a&#039;,pos2)\nprint(f.read())\nf.close()\n\u5f53\u524d\u6587\u4ef6\u6307\u9488\u6240\u5728\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff1a 12\n\u79fb\u52a8\u540e\u6240\u5728\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff1a 0\nhello python<\/code><\/pre>\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\"># with open\n# \u4f5c\u7528\uff1a\u4ee3\u7801\u6267\u884c\u5b8c\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u8c03\u7528f.close()\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7701\u7565\u6587\u4ef6\u5173\u95ed\u6b65\u9aa4\nwith open(&#039;test.txt&#039;, &#039;w&#039;) as f:  # f\u662f\u5bf9\u8c61\u540d\n    f.write(&#039;hello world&#039;)\nprint(f.closed)\nTrue\n\nwith open(&#039;test.txt&#039;,encoding=&#039;utf-8&#039;) as f:  # f\u662f\u5bf9\u8c61\u540d\n    print(f.read())\n\u51b0\u51b018\u5c81\n\u54c8\u54c8\n\n# \u6848\u4f8b\uff1a\u56fe\u7247\u590d\u5236 &#039;rb&#039;\n# 1.\u8bfb\u53d6\u56fe\u7247\uff08\u56fe\u7247\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u60f3\u8981\u5199\u5165\u5fc5\u987b\u8981\u5148\u62ff\u5230\uff09\n# 2.\u5199\u5165\u56fe\u7247\n# \u8bfb\u53d6\u56fe\u7247\nwith open(r&#039;C:\\Users\\18977\\Pictures\\fengche2.jpg&#039;,&#039;rb&#039;) as file:\n    img = file.read()\n# \u5c06\u8bfb\u53d6\u5230\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u5199\u5165\u5230\u5f53\u524d\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\nwith open(r&#039;D:\\\u534e\u4e3a\u5bb6\u5ead\u5b58\u50a8\\\u6211\u7684\u5e94\u7528\\pythonproject\\pytest01\\\u56fe\u7247.jpg&#039;,&#039;wb&#039;) as f:\n    f.write(img)\n\n# \u5bfc\u5165\u6a21\u5757 import os\n# 1.\u6587\u4ef6\u91cd\u547d\u540d os.rename(\u65e7\u540d\u5b57,\u65b0\u540d\u5b57)\nimport os\nos.rename(&#039;\u56fe\u7247.jpg&#039;,&#039;\u98ce\u8f66.jpg&#039;)\n# 2.\u5220\u9664\u6587\u4ef6 os.remove()\nimport os\nos.remove(&quot;test01.txt&quot;)\n# 3.\u521b\u5efa\u6587\u4ef6\u5939 os.mkdir()\nos.mkdir(&#039;bingbing&#039;)\n# 4.\u5220\u9664\u6587\u4ef6\u5939 os.rmdir()\nos.rmdir(&#039;bingbing&#039;)\n# 5.\u83b7\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55 os.getcwd()\nprint(os.getcwd())\nD:\\\u534e\u4e3a\u5bb6\u5ead\u5b58\u50a8\\\u6211\u7684\u5e94\u7528\\pythonproject\\pytest01\n# 6.\u83b7\u53d6\u76ee\u5f55\u5217\u8868\nprint(os.listdir())  # \u83b7\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u5217\u8868\nprint(os.listdir(&#039;..\/&#039;))  # \u83b7\u53d6\u4e0a\u4e00\u7ea7\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u5217\u8868<\/code><\/pre>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u6587\u4ef6\u57fa\u7840\u64cd\u4f5c # \u6587\u4ef6\u5c31\u662f\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u67d0\u79cd\u957f\u671f\u50a8\u5b58\u8bbe\u5907\u4e0a\u7684\u4e00\u6bb5\u6570\u636e # \u6587\u4ef6\u64cd\u4f5c # \u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6 &#8212;&gt; \u8bfb\uff0c&#8230; &raquo; <a class=\"read-more-link\" href=\"http:\/\/blue.yn.cn\/?p=2042\">\u9605\u8bfb\u5168\u6587<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[24],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2042","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-python"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/blue.yn.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2042","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/blue.yn.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/blue.yn.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/blue.yn.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/blue.yn.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2042"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"http:\/\/blue.yn.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2042\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2047,"href":"http:\/\/blue.yn.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2042\/revisions\/2047"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/blue.yn.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2042"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/blue.yn.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2042"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/blue.yn.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2042"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}