{"id":526,"date":"2024-04-13T19:13:38","date_gmt":"2024-04-13T11:13:38","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blue.yn.cn\/?p=526"},"modified":"2024-12-13T21:43:31","modified_gmt":"2024-12-13T13:43:31","slug":"%e8%bf%9b%e7%a8%8b%e7%ae%a1%e7%90%86","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/blue.yn.cn\/?p=526","title":{"rendered":"\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ba1\u7406"},"content":{"rendered":"<h3>\u8fdb\u7a0b\u57fa\u672c\u6982\u8ff0<\/h3>\n<h4>\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e0e\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff1a\u5f00\u53d1\u7f16\u5199\u7684\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u5c01\u88c5\u4e3a\u4ea7\u54c1\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\uff08\u5fae\u4fe1\u3001\u9489\u9489\u7b49\u7b49\uff09\u90fd\u79f0\u4e3a\u7a0b\u5e8f<\/li>\n<li>\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff1a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u79f0\u4e3a\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u5b83\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u7528\u6765\u63a7\u5236\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u786c\u4ef6\u8fd0\u884c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f<\/li>\n<li>\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e0e\u8fdb\u7a0b\u533a\u522b\uff1a\n<ul>\n<li>\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff1a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u662f\u6570\u636e+\u6307\u4ee4\u7684\u96c6\u5408\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u9759\u6001\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ef\u4ee5\u957f\u671f\u5b58\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d<\/li>\n<li>\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff1a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u662f\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u52a8\u6001\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u5728\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u6709\u5404\u79cd\u6307\u6807\u6765\u8868\u793a\u5f53\u524d\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4f1a\u968f\u7740\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u7ec8\u6b62\u800c\u9500\u6bc1\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6c38\u4e45\u5b58\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e0e\u7ebf\u7a0b<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5047\u8bbe\u9700\u8981\u8fd0\u884c<em>360\u5b89\u5168\u536b\u58eb<\/em>\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u4f1a\u8fdb\u884c\u8d44\u6e90\u7533\u8bf7\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u7cfb\u7edf\u7533\u8bf7\u4e00\u5757\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4ece\u786c\u76d8\u4e2d\u5c06\u4ee3\u7801\u8bfb\u53d6\u5230\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u8fdb\u884c\u5176\u4ed6\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u7533\u8bf7\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7533\u8bf7\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u79f0\u4e3a\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff08\u8d44\u6e90\u5355\u4f4d\uff09<\/li>\n<li>\u5f53\u8fd0\u884c\u8be5\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684<em>\u75c5\u6bd2\u626b\u63cf\u3001\u6f0f\u6d1e\u67e5\u627e\u3001\u5783\u573e\u6e05\u7406<\/em>\u7b49\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u5c06\u8be5\u529f\u80fd\u79f0\u4e3a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b\uff0c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u662f\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\uff08\u6267\u884c\u5355\u4f4d\uff09\uff0c\u662f\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u66f4\u7ec6\u7684\u5355\u4f4d\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8be5\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6709\u591a\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\uff0c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e0e\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e4b\u95f4\u4e92\u76f8\u4e0d\u53d7\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e4b\u95f4\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u6570\u636e\u5171\u4eab<\/li>\n<li>\u5de5\u5382\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a\u5de5\u5382\uff08\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\uff09--&gt;\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff08\u8f66\u95f4\uff09--&gt;\u7ebf\u7a0b\uff08\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\u4f5c\u4e1a\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u5e76\u53d1\u4e0e\u5e76\u884c<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5e76\u53d1\uff1a\u591a\u4e2a\u4efb\u52a1\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u662f\u540c\u65f6\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5047\u5e76\u884c\uff08<code>CPU<\/code>\u5728\u4efb\u52a1\u4e2d\u6765\u56de\u5207\u6362\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/image-1713686838128.png\" alt=\"file\" \/><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5e76\u884c\uff1a\u591a\u4e2a\u4efb\u52a1\u662f\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u540c\u65f6\u8fd0\u884c\uff08\u5e76\u884c\u5fc5\u987b\u6709\u591a\u6838<code>CPU<\/code>\u624d\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/image-1713686912161.png\" alt=\"file\" \/><\/p>\n<h4>\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u72b6\u6001<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4e00\u822c\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6709\u4e09\u4e2a\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u5373\u5c31\u7eea\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u8fd0\u884c\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u963b\u585e\u72b6\u6001<\/li>\n<li>\u8fd0\u884c\u72b6\u6001\uff1a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5360\u7528<code>CPU<\/code>\uff0c\u5e76\u5728<code>CPU<\/code>\u4e0a\u8fd0\u884c<\/li>\n<li>\u5c31\u7eea\u6001\uff1a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5df2\u7ecf\u5177\u5907\u8fd0\u884c\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u4f46\u9700\u8981\u7b49\u5f85<code>CPU<\/code>\u7684\u8c03\u5ea6\u624d\u53ef\u8fd0\u884c<\/li>\n<li>\u963b\u585e\u6001\uff1a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u56e0\u7b49\u5f85\u67d0\u4ef6\u4e8b\u53d1\u751f\u800c\u6682\u65f6\u4e0d\u80fd\u8fd0\u884c<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/image-1727936520909.png\" alt=\"file\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4e09\u79cd\u72b6\u6001\u4e4b\u95f4\u8f6c\u6362\u5206\u4e3a\u5982\u4e0b\u51e0\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u8fd0\u884c--&gt;\u963b\u585e\uff1a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53d1\u751f<code>I\/O<\/code>\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u9700\u7b49\u5f85\u4e8b\u4ef6\uff0c\u800c\u65e0\u6cd5\u7ee7\u7eed\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u5219\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7531\u8fd0\u884c\u72b6\u6001\u53d8\u4e3a\u963b\u585e\u72b6\u6001<\/li>\n<li>\u963b\u585e--&gt;\u5c31\u7eea\uff1a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6240\u7b49\u5f85\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b8c\u6210\uff0c\u4f46\u6ca1\u529e\u6cd5\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u5165\u5c31\u7eea\u961f\u5217\uff0c\u7b49\u5f85\u8c03\u5ea6<\/li>\n<li>\u5c31\u7eea--&gt;\u8fd0\u884c\uff1a\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u65f6\u95f4\u7247\u5df2\u7ecf\u7528\u5b8c\uff0c<code>CPU<\/code>\u4f1a\u4ece\u5c31\u7eea\u961f\u5217\u4e2d\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5206\u914d<code>CPU<\/code><\/li>\n<li>\u8fd0\u884c--&gt;\u5c31\u7eea\uff1a\n<ul>\n<li>1.\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5360\u7528<code>CPU<\/code>\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u8fc7\u957f\uff0c\u800c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5206\u914d\u7ed9\u8be5\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5360\u7528<code>CPU<\/code>\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u662f\u6709\u9650\u7684<\/li>\n<li>2.\u5f53\u6709\u66f4\u9ad8\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8981\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\uff0c\u8be5\u8fdb\u7a0b\u9700\u8981\u8ba9\u51fa<code>CPU<\/code>\uff0c\u7531\u8fd0\u884c\u72b6\u6001\u8f6c\u53d8\u4e3a\u5c31\u7eea\u72b6\u6001<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u5c31\u662f\u6307\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u751f\u8001\u75c5\u6b7b\uff0c\u7528\u5904\u5f88\u5e7f<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/image-1713689752493.png\" alt=\"file\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u5f53\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u4efb\u52a1\u8c03\u5ea6\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u901a\u8fc7<code>fork<\/code>\u6d3e\u751f\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6765\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4f1a\u7ee7\u627f\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5c5e\u6027<br \/>\n1.\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5728\u5904\u7406\u4efb\u52a1\u4ee3\u7801\u65f6\uff0c\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5176\u5b9e\u4e0d\u4f1a\u8fdb\u5165\u7b49\u5f85\uff0c\u5176\u8fd0\u884c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u662f\u7531<code>linux<\/code>\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fdb\u884c\u8c03\u5ea6\u7684<br \/>\n2.\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5728\u5904\u7406\u4efb\u52a1\u4ee3\u7801\u540e\uff0c\u4f1a\u6267\u884c\u9000\u51fa\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5524\u9192\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6765\u56de\u6536\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u8d44\u6e90<br \/>\n3.\u5982\u679c\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5728\u5904\u7406\u4efb\u52a1\u4ee3\u7801\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5f02\u5e38\u9000\u51fa\uff0c\u800c\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5374\u6ca1\u6709\u56de\u6536\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u867d\u7136\u8fd0\u884c\u5b9e\u4f53\u5df2\u7ecf\u6d88\u5931\uff0c\u4f46\u4ecd\u7136\u5728\u5185\u6838\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8868\u4e2d\u5360\u636e\u4e00\u6761\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u957f\u671f\u4e0b\u53bb\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d44\u6e90\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6d6a\u8d39\u3002\uff08\u50f5\u5c38\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff09<br \/>\n4.\u5982\u679c\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5728\u5904\u7406\u4efb\u52a1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u9000\u51fa\u4e86\uff0c\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6ca1\u6709\u9000\u51fa\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5c31\u6ca1\u6709\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6765\u7ba1\u7406\u4e86\uff0c\u7531\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684<code>system<\/code>\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ba1\u7406\u3002\uff08\u5b64\u513f\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff09<br \/>\nPS\uff1a\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53eb<code>PPID<\/code>\uff0c\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53eb<code>PID<\/code><\/p>\n<h3>\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8fd0\u884c\u72b6\u6001\u76d1\u63a7<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u67e5\u770b\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u5206\u4e3a\uff1a\n<ul>\n<li>\u9759\u6001\u67e5\u770b<\/li>\n<li>\u52a8\u6001\u67e5\u770b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u9759\u6001\u76d1\u63a7\u8fdb\u7a0bps<\/h4>\n<p><code>ps # report a snapshot of the current processes<\/code><br \/>\n<code>-a  Select all processes except both session leaders and processes not associated with a terminal.<\/code><br \/>\n<code>-u,--userlist(Select by effective user ID (EUID) or name.)<\/code>\u4ee5\u7528\u6237\u4e3a\u4e3b\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u6309\u7528\u6237\u540d\u548c\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\u95f4\u6765\u663e\u793a\u8fdb\u7a0b<br \/>\n<code>-x<\/code> \u663e\u793a\u6240\u6709\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ee5\u7ec8\u7aef\u673a\u533a\u5206\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4e0e<code>-a<\/code>\u4e00\u8d77\u4f7f\u7528<\/p>\n<p><code>-e Select all processes<\/code><br \/>\n<code>-f Do full-format listing<\/code>\u5168\u683c\u5f0f\u8f93\u51fa<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><code>ps -aux<\/code>\u5e38\u7528\u7ec4\u5408\uff0c\u67e5\u770b\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7528\u6237\u3001<code>PID<\/code>\u3001\u5360\u7528<code>cpu<\/code>\u767e\u5206\u6bd4\u3001\u5360\u7528\u5185\u5b58\u767e\u5206\u6bd4\u3001\u72b6\u6001\u3001\u6267\u884c\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u7b49<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5>\u6bcf\u5217\u6307\u6807\u8be6\u89e3<\/h5>\n<p><code>USER PID %CPU %MEM VSZ RSS TTY STAT START TIME COMMAND<\/code><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><code>USER<\/code>\uff1a\u542f\u52a8\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u7528\u6237<\/li>\n<li><code>PID<\/code>\uff1a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8fd0\u884c\u7684<code>ID<\/code>\u53f7<\/li>\n<li><code>%CPU<\/code>\uff1a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5360\u7528<code>CPU<\/code>\u767e\u5206\u6bd4<\/li>\n<li><code>%MEM<\/code>\uff1a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5360\u7528\u5185\u5b58\u767e\u5206\u6bd4<\/li>\n<li><code>VSZ<\/code>\uff1a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5360\u7528\u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58\u5927\u5c0f\uff08\u5355\u4f4d<code>KB<\/code>\uff09<\/li>\n<li><code>RSS<\/code>\uff1a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5360\u7528\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u5b9e\u9645\u5927\u5c0f\uff08\u5355\u4f4d<code>KB<\/code>\uff09<\/li>\n<li><code>TTY<\/code>\uff1a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u662f\u7531\u54ea\u4e2a\u7ec8\u7aef\u8fd0\u884c\u542f\u52a8\u7684\uff0c<code>tty1\u3001pts\/0<\/code>\u7b49\uff0c<code>?<\/code>\u8868\u793a\u5185\u6838\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e0e\u7ec8\u7aef\u65e0\u5173<\/li>\n<li><code>STAT<\/code>\uff1a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8fd0\u884c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u72b6\u6001<\/li>\n<li><code>START<\/code>\uff1a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\u95f4<\/li>\n<li><code>TIME<\/code>\uff1a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5360\u7528<code>CPU<\/code>\u7684\u603b\u65f6\u95f4\uff08\u4e3a0\u8868\u793a\u8fd8\u6ca1\u8d85\u8fc7\u79d2\uff09<\/li>\n<li><code>COMMAND<\/code>\uff1a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u6307\u4ee4\uff0c[]\u5c5e\u4e8e\u5185\u6838\u6001\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002\u6ca1\u6709[]\u5c5e\u4e8e\u7528\u6237\u6001\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5>\u67e5\u770b\u8fdb\u7a0bppid<\/h5>\n<p><code>ppid<\/code>\u6307\u7684\u662f\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">ps -ef | grep nginx | grep -v grep\nwww       26701 115939  0 4\u670815 ?       00:00:00 nginx: worker process\nwww       26702 115939  0 4\u670815 ?       00:00:00 nginx: worker process\nwww       26703 115939  0 4\u670815 ?       00:00:00 nginx: worker process\nwww       26704 115939  0 4\u670815 ?       00:00:00 nginx: worker process\nroot     115939      1  0 4\u670804 ?       00:00:00 nginx: master process \/usr\/sbin\/nginx -c \/etc\/nginx\/nginx.conf<\/code><\/pre>\n<h5>\u67e5\u770b\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6811\u673a\u6784<\/h5>\n<p>\u901a\u8fc7<code>pstree<\/code>\u53ef\u4ee5\u67e5\u770b\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6811\u72b6\u7ed3\u6784<br \/>\n<code>pstree # display a tree of processes<\/code><br \/>\n<code>-p,Show PIDs.<\/code>\uff1a\u9009\u9879\u6307\u5b9a\u67e5\u770b\u67d0\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u6811\u72b6\u673a\u6784\u6216\u8005\u770b<code>pid<\/code><\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">pstree -p 115939\nnginx(115939)\u2500\u252c\u2500nginx(26701)\n              \u251c\u2500nginx(26702)\n              \u251c\u2500nginx(26703)\n              \u2514\u2500nginx(26704)<\/code><\/pre>\n<h5>\u67e5\u770b\u7528\u6237\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/h5>\n<p>1.\u4f7f\u7528\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\u8fd0\u884c\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">su - xxx -c &quot;sleep 10000&quot; &amp;\n[3] 68021<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>2.\u4f7f\u7528<code>pgrep<\/code>\u8fc7\u6ee4\u7528\u6237\u8fd0\u884c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u540d\u79f0\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u8fdb\u7a0b<code>ID<\/code><\/p>\n<p><code>pgrep # look up or signal processes based on name and other attributes<\/code><br \/>\n<code>-l List the process name as well as the process ID.<\/code><\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">pgrep -l -u xxx\n68022 sleep\n# -a\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u5217\u51fa\u8fdb\u7a0bpid\u4ee5\u53ca\u8be6\u7ec6\u547d\u4ee4\npgrep -a -u xxx\n68022 sleep 10000<\/code><\/pre>\n<h5>STAT\u8fd0\u884c\u72b6\u6001<\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li><code>stat<\/code>\u72b6\u6001\u7684<code>S\u3001Ss\u3001S+\u3001R\u3001R+<\/code>\u7b49\u5f85\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u610f\u601d\uff1f<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>STAT\u57fa\u672c\u72b6\u6001<\/th>\n<th>\u63cf\u8ff0<\/th>\n<th>STAT\u72b6\u6001+\u7b26\u53f7<\/th>\n<th>\u63cf\u8ff0<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>R<\/td>\n<td>\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8fd0\u884c<\/td>\n<td>s<\/td>\n<td>\u8fdb\u7a0b\u662f\u63a7\u5236\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0cSs\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u9886\u5bfc\u8005<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>S<\/td>\n<td>\u53ef\u4e2d\u65ad\u7761\u7720<\/td>\n<td>&lt;<\/td>\n<td>\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8fd0\u884c\u5728\u9ad8\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u4e0a\uff0cS&lt;\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u8f83\u9ad8\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>T<\/td>\n<td>\u8fdb\u7a0b\u88ab\u6682\u505c<\/td>\n<td>N<\/td>\n<td>\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8fd0\u884c\u5728\u4f4e\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u4e0a\uff0cSN\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u8f83\u4f4e\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>D<\/td>\n<td>\u4e0d\u53ef\u4e2d\u65ad\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/td>\n<td>+<\/td>\n<td>\u5f53\u524d\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8fd0\u884c\u5728\u524d\u53f0\uff0cR+\u8868\u793a\u8be5\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5728\u524d\u53f0\u8fd0\u884c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Z<\/td>\n<td>\u50f5\u5c38\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/td>\n<td>l<\/td>\n<td>\u8fdb\u7a0b\u662f\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\uff0cSl\u8868\u793a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u662f\u4ee5\u7ebf\u7a0b\u65b9\u5f0f\u8fd0\u884c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h4>\u8fdb\u7a0b\u72b6\u6001\u6a21\u62df\u5b9e\u8df5<\/h4>\n<h5>\u8fd0\u884c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u72b6\u6001R<\/h5>\n<p>1.\u7f16\u5199\u5982\u4e0b\u811a\u672c<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">cat &gt; while.sh &lt;&lt;EOF\nwhile true;do((1+1));done\nEOF<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>2.\u8fd0\u884c\u8be5\u811a\u672c\uff0c\u68c0\u67e5\u8fd0\u884c\u72b6\u6001\u662f\u5426\u4e3a<code>R<\/code><\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">sh # command interpreter (shell)\nsh while.sh\nps aux | grep while\nroot     115971  100  0.0 113280  1208 pts\/0    R+   19:00   2:55 sh while.sh<\/code><\/pre>\n<h5>\u6682\u505c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u72b6\u6001T<\/h5>\n<p>1.\u5728\u7ec8\u7aef1\u4e0a\u8fd0\u884c<code>vim<\/code><\/p>\n<p><code>vim new_file<\/code><\/p>\n<p>2.\u5728\u7ec8\u7aef2\u4e0a\u8fd0\u884c<code>ps<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u770b\u72b6\u6001<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">ps aux | grep new_file\nroot     116368  0.0  0.0 149560  5084 pts\/1    S+   19:07   0:00 vim new_file\n# \u5728\u7ec8\u7aef1\u4e0a\u6302\u8d77vim\uff0c\u6309\u4e0bctrl+z<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>3.\u56de\u5230\u7ec8\u7aef2\u518d\u6b21\u8fd0\u884c<code>ps<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u770b\u72b6\u6001<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">ps aux | grep new_file | grep -v &quot;grep&quot;\nroot     116368  0.0  0.0 149560  5084 pts\/1    T    19:07   0:00 vim new_file<\/code><\/pre>\n<h5>\u4e0d\u53ef\u4e2d\u65ad\u8fdb\u7a0bD<\/h5>\n<p>1.\u4f7f\u7528<code>tar<\/code>\u6253\u5305\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u7ec8\u7aef\u4e0d\u65ad\u67e5\u770b\u72b6\u6001\uff0c<code>S+\uff0cR+\uff0cD+<\/code><\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">tar -czf etc.tar.gz \/etc\/ \/usr\/ \/var\/\nps aux | grep tar | grep -v grep<\/code><\/pre>\n<h5>\u5b9e\u8df5\u50f5\u5c38\u8fdb\u7a0bZ<\/h5>\n<p>1.\u7f16\u5199<code>python<\/code>\u811a\u672c\uff0c\u6a21\u62df\u50f5\u5c38\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\">cat zombie.py\n#!\/usr\/bin\/env python\n# encoding: utf-8\n\nfrom multiprocessing import Process\nimport time\nimport os\n\ndef task():\n    print(&quot;\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0bID --&gt; %s&quot; %  os.getpid())\n    time.sleep(10)\n\nif __name__ == &quot;__main__&quot;:\n    for i in range(3):\n        p=Process(target=task)\n        p.start()\n\n    print(&quot;\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0bID --&gt; %s&quot; % os.getpid())\n    time.sleep(100000)<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>2.\u8fd0\u884c<code>python<\/code>\u811a\u672c<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">python zombie.py\n\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0bID --&gt; 29780\n\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0bID --&gt; 29779\n\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0bID --&gt; 29781\n\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0bID --&gt; 29782<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>3.\u901a\u8fc7<code>ps aux<\/code>\u67e5\u770b\u8fdb\u7a0b\u72b6\u6001<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">ps aux | grep python\nroot      29779  0.0  0.0 151296  5808 pts\/0    S+   09:04   0:00 python zombie.py\nroot      29780  0.0  0.0      0     0 pts\/0    Z+   09:04   0:00 [python] &lt;defunct&gt;\nroot      29781  0.0  0.0      0     0 pts\/0    Z+   09:04   0:00 [python] &lt;defunct&gt;\nroot      29782  0.0  0.0      0     0 pts\/0    Z+   09:04   0:00 [python] &lt;defunct&gt;<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>4.\u50f5\u5c38\u8fdb\u7a0b\u65e0\u6cd5\u6740\u6b7b\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7\u6740\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u56de\u6536\u50f5\u5c38\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/p>\n<p><code>kill # send a signal to a process<\/code><\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"># kill\u50f5\u5c38\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6ca1\u6709\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5kill\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\nkill 29779<\/code><\/pre>\n<h5>\u5b9e\u8df5\u5b64\u513f\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/h5>\n<p>1.\u5728\u7a97\u53e31\u6267\u884c\u5982\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">ping www.baidu.com &amp;&gt; \/dev\/null &amp;\n[1] 52321<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>2.\u5728\u7a97\u53e32\u8fc7\u6ee4<code>ping<\/code>\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u6740\u6b7b\u5176\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">ps -ef | grep ping | grep -v grep\nroot      52321  52042  0 16:06 pts\/1    00:00:00 ping www.baidu.com\n# \u5f3a\u5236\u6740\u6b7b\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\nkill -9 52042<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>3.\u518d\u6b21\u67e5\u770b\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0\u8be5\u8fdb\u7a0b\u88ab\u7cfb\u7edf\u6700\u9ad8\u8fdb\u7a0b<code>pid 1<\/code>\u63a5\u7ba1<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"># \u5b64\u513f\u8fdb\u7a0b\u88abPID\u4e3a1\u7684\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u63a5\u7ba1\n ps -ef | grep ping | grep -v grep\nroot      52321      1  0 16:06 ?        00:00:00 ping www.baidu.com\n# \u76f4\u63a5kill\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5373\u53ef\u5173\u95ed\nkill 52321<\/code><\/pre>\n<h5>\u5b9e\u8df5\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0bSl<\/h5>\n<p>1.\u4f7f\u7528<code>python<\/code>\u811a\u672c\u7f16\u5199\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7a0b\u5e8f<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"> cat multi_thread.py\n#!\/usr\/bin\/env python\nfrom threading import Thread\nimport time\nimport os\n\ndef task():\n    time.sleep(200)\n\nif __name__ == &quot;__main__&quot;:\n    print(os.getpid())\n    for i in range(10):\n        s=Thread(target=task)\n        s.start()<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>2.\u8fd0\u884c<code>python<\/code>\u811a\u672c\u7a0b\u5e8f<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">python multi_thread.py\n53162<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>3.\u68c0\u67e5<code>python<\/code>\u7a0b\u5e8f\u72b6\u6001<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"># Sl\u8868\u793a\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\n ps aux | grep python | grep -v grep\nroot      53162  0.0  0.0 871456  5016 pts\/0    Sl+  16:21   0:00 python multi_thread.py\n# \u901a\u8fc7pstree\u67e5\u770b\u7ebf\u7a0b\npstree -p 53162\npython(53162)\u2500\u252c\u2500{python}(53163)\n              \u251c\u2500{python}(53164)\n              \u251c\u2500{python}(53165)\n              \u251c\u2500{python}(53166)\n              \u251c\u2500{python}(53167)\n              \u251c\u2500{python}(53168)\n              \u251c\u2500{python}(53169)\n              \u251c\u2500{python}(53170)\n              \u251c\u2500{python}(53171)\n              \u2514\u2500{python}(53172)<\/code><\/pre>\n<h5>\u9ad8\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u8fdb\u7a0bS&lt;<\/h5>\n<p>1.\u6267\u884c\u5982\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u8ba9\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5728\u9ad8\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u4e0b\u8fd0\u884c<\/p>\n<p><code>nice # run a program with modified scheduling priority<\/code><br \/>\n<code>-n,--adjustment<\/code><\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">nice -n -20 sleep 200 &amp;\n[1] 53626<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>2.\u67e5\u770b\u8fdb\u7a0b\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u770b\u662f\u5426\u5728\u9ad8\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u4e0b\u8fd0\u884c<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"> ps aux | grep sleep | grep -v grep\nroot      53626  0.0  0.0 108052   360 pts\/2    S&lt;   16:29   0:00 sleep 200<\/code><\/pre>\n<h5>\u4f4e\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u8fdb\u7a0bSN<\/h5>\n<p>1.\u6267\u884c\u5982\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u8ba9\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5728\u4f4e\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u4e0b\u8fd0\u884c<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">nice -n 20 sleep 200 &amp;\n[1] 53816<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>2.\u67e5\u770b\u8fdb\u7a0b\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u770b\u662f\u5426\u5728\u4f4e\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u4e0b\u8fd0\u884c<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">ps aux | grep sleep | grep -v grep\nroot      53816  0.0  0.0 108052   356 pts\/0    SN   16:33   0:00 sleep 200<\/code><\/pre>\n<h4>\u52a8\u6001\u76d1\u63a7\u8fdb\u7a0btop<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528<code>top<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u72b6\u6001\uff08\u52a8\u6001\uff09<br \/>\n<code>top # display Linux tasks<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5>top\u547d\u4ee4\u9009\u9879<\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li>\u6267\u884c<code>top<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u9009\u9879\n<ul>\n<li><code>-d<\/code>\uff1aDelay time interval\uff08\u9ed8\u8ba43\u79d2\u5237\u65b0\u4e00\u6b21\uff09<\/li>\n<li><code>-p<\/code>\uff1aMonitor PIDs<\/li>\n<li><code>-u<\/code>\uff1aMonitor by user<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u793a\u4f8b\u7528\u6cd5\uff1a\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"># \u4ec5\u67e5\u770b\u6307\u5b9a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u52a8\u6001\u4eab\u8bf7\ntop -d 1 -p pid\ntop -d 1 -p $(pgrep nginx)\n# \u52a8\u6001\u67e5\u770b\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\ntop -d 1 -u xxx<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5>top\u5185\u90e8\u9009\u9879<\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li>\u6267\u884c<code>top<\/code>\u540e\u53ef\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u9009\u9879\n<ul>\n<li><code>P<\/code>\uff1a\u6309<code>CPU<\/code>\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f<\/li>\n<li><code>M<\/code>\uff1a\u6309\u5185\u5b58\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f<\/li>\n<li><code>R<\/code>\uff1a\u5bf9\u6392\u5e8f\u540e\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u8fdb\u884c\u5012\u5e8f<\/li>\n<li><code>f<\/code>\uff1a\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u663e\u793a\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u6253\u5370<code>PPID<\/code>\uff0c\u6309\u7a7a\u683c\u9009\u597d\u540e\uff0c\u6309<code>q<\/code>\u9000\u51fa<\/li>\n<li><code>k<\/code>\uff1a\u6307\u5b9a\u6740\u6b7b\u67d0\u4e2a<code>id<\/code><\/li>\n<li><code>1<\/code>\uff1a\u663e\u793a<code>cpu<\/code>\u6838\u5fc3\u6570<\/li>\n<li><code>z<\/code>\uff1a\u4ee5\u9ad8\u4eae\u663e\u793a\u6570\u636e<\/li>\n<li><code>b<\/code>\uff1a\u9ad8\u4eae\u663e\u793a\u5904\u4e8e<code>R<\/code>\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5>top\u5b57\u6bb5\u542b\u4e49<\/h5>\n<p><code>w # Show who is logged on and what they are doing<\/code><br \/>\n<code>uptime # Tell how long the system has been running<\/code><\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">top - 21:21:10 up 34 days,  3:12,  1 user,  load average: 0.01, 0.02, 0.05\nTasks: 139 total,   1 running, 138 sleeping,   0 stopped,   0 zombie\n%Cpu(s):  0.0 us,  0.0 sy,  0.0 ni,100.0 id,  0.0 wa,  0.0 hi,  0.0 si,  0.0 st\nKiB Mem :  8154640 total,  5741288 free,   670300 used,  1743052 buff\/cache\nKiB Swap:  4194300 total,  4194300 free,        0 used.  7082944 avail Mem<\/code><\/pre>\n<ul>\n<li><code>top<\/code>\u5b57\u6bb5\u542b\u4e49\n<ul>\n<li><code>load average: 0.01, 0.02, 0.05<\/code>\uff1a1\u5206\u949f\u30015\u5206\u949f\u300115\u5206\u949f\u5e73\u5747\u8d1f\u8f7d<\/li>\n<li><code>Tasks\uff1a139 total<\/code>\uff1a\u5f53\u524d\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u603b\u6570<\/li>\n<li><code>1 running<\/code>\uff1a\u6b63\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6570<\/li>\n<li><code>138 sleeping<\/code>\uff1a\u7761\u7720\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6570<\/li>\n<li><code>0 stopped<\/code>\uff1a\u505c\u6b62\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6570<\/li>\n<li><code>0 zombie<\/code>\uff1a\u50f5\u5c38\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6570<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><code>%Cpu(s)<\/code>\u542b\u4e49\n<ul>\n<li><code>0.0 us<\/code>\uff1a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7528\u6237\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4f7f\u7528<code>CPU<\/code>\u767e\u5206\u6bd4<\/li>\n<li><code>0.0 sy<\/code>\uff1a\u5185\u6838\u4e2d\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5360\u7528<code>CPU<\/code>\u767e\u5206\u6bd4\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u5185\u6838\u662f\u4e0e\u786c\u4ef6\u8fdb\u884c\u4ea4\u4e92<\/li>\n<li><code>0.0 ni<\/code>\uff1a\u9ad8\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5360\u7528<code>CPU<\/code>\u767e\u5206\u6bd4<\/li>\n<li><code>100.0 id<\/code>\uff1a\u7a7a\u95f2<code>CPU<\/code>\u7684\u767e\u5206\u6bd4<\/li>\n<li><code>0.0 wa<\/code>\uff1a<code>CPU<\/code>\u7b49\u5f85<code>IO<\/code>\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u65f6\u95f4<\/li>\n<li><code>0.0 hi<\/code>\uff1a\u786c\u4e2d\u65ad\uff0c\u5360\u7684<code>CPU<\/code>\u767e\u5206\u6bd4<\/li>\n<li><code>0.0 si<\/code>\uff1a\u8f6f\u4e2d\u65ad\uff0c\u5360\u7684<code>CPU<\/code>\u767e\u5206\u6bd4<\/li>\n<li><code>0.0 st<\/code>\uff1a\u6bd4\u5982\u865a\u62df\u673a\u5360\u7528\u7269\u7406<code>CPU<\/code>\u7684\u65f6\u95f4<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5>\u5982\u4f55\u7406\u89e3\u4e2d\u65ad<\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4e2d\u65ad\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u7528\u6765\u54cd\u5e94\u786c\u4ef6\u8bbe\u5907\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u6253\u65ad\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u6b63\u5e38\u8c03\u5ea6\u548c\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u8c03\u7528\u5185\u6838\u4e2d\u7684\u4e2d\u65ad\u5904\u7406\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6765\u54cd\u5e94\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42<\/li>\n<li>\u4e2d\u65ad\u5176\u5b9e\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5f02\u6b65\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5904\u7406\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5e76\u53d1\u5904\u7406\u80fd\u529b<\/li>\n<li>\u7f51\u5361\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u6570\u636e\u5305\u540e\uff0c\u4f1a\u901a\u8fc7\u786c\u4ef6\u4e2d\u65ad\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u901a\u77e5\u5185\u6838\u6709\u65b0\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5230\u4e86\u3002\u8fd9\u65f6\uff0c\u5185\u6838\u5c31\u5e94\u8be5\u8c03\u7528\u4e2d\u65ad\u5904\u7406\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6765\u54cd\u5e94\u7f51\u5361<\/li>\n<li>\u5bf9\u4e0a\u534a\u90e8\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u65e2\u7136\u662f\u5feb\u901f\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u5c31\u662f\u8981\u628a\u7f51\u5361\u7684\u6570\u636e\u8bfb\u5230\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u66f4\u65b0\u4e00\u4e0b\u786c\u4ef6\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u7684\u72b6\u6001\uff08\u8868\u793a\u6570\u636e\u5df2\u7ecf\u8bfb\u597d\u4e86\uff09\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u518d\u53d1\u9001\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f6f\u4e2d\u65ad\u4fe1\u53f7\uff0c\u901a\u77e5\u4e0b\u534a\u90e8\u505a\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u7684\u5904\u7406<\/li>\n<li>\u800c\u4e0b\u534a\u90e8\u88ab\u8f6f\u4e2d\u65ad\u4fe1\u53f7\u5524\u9192\u540e\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4ece\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u627e\u5230\u7f51\u7edc\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u518d\u6309\u7167\u7f51\u7edc\u534f\u8bae\u6808\uff0c\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u9010\u5c42\u89e3\u6790\u548c\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u628a\u5b83\u9001\u7ed9\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\n<ul>\n<li>\u4e0a\u534a\u90e8\u76f4\u63a5\u5904\u7406\u786c\u4ef6\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u5e38\u8bf4\u7684\u786c\u4e2d\u65ad\uff0c\u7279\u70b9\u662f\u5feb\u901f\u6267\u884c\uff08\u5728\u4e2d\u65ad\u7981\u6b62\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\u8fd0\u884c\uff09<\/li>\n<li>\u4e0b\u534a\u90e8\u5219\u662f\u7531\u5185\u6838\u89e6\u53d1\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u5e38\u8bf4\u7684\u8f6f\u4e2d\u65ad\uff0c\u7279\u70b9\u662f\u5ef6\u8fdf\u6267\u884c<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5>\u5185\u5b58\u76f8\u5173\u547d\u4ee4<\/h5>\n<p><code>free # Display amount of free and used memory in the system<\/code><br \/>\n<code>-m Display the amount of memory in megabytes. -w:buffer\/cache<\/code>\u5206\u5f00\u5217<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4e00\u822c\u67e5\u770b\u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528<code>free<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\u6bcf\u5217\u542b\u4e49\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u8ba1\u7b97\u516c\u5f0f\uff1a\n<ul>\n<li><code>total<\/code>\u603b\u5185\u5b58\u8ba1\u7b97\u516c\u5f0f\uff1a<code>used + free + buffer + cache = total<\/code><\/li>\n<li><code>used<\/code>\u5df2\u4f7f\u7528\u5185\u5b58\u8ba1\u7b97\u516c\u5f0f\uff1a<code>total - free - buffer - cache = used<\/code><\/li>\n<li><code>free<\/code>\u672a\u88ab\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u8ba1\u7b97\u516c\u5f0f\uff1a<code>total - used - buffer -cache = free<\/code><\/li>\n<li><code>available<\/code>\u53ef\u83b7\u5f97\u5185\u5b58\u8ba1\u7b97\u516c\u5f0f\uff1a<code>free + (buffer+cache\u53ef\u91ca\u653e\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4) = available<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">free -m\n              total        used        free      shared  buff\/cache   available\nMem:           7963         650        5610          93        1702        6921\nSwap:          4095           0        4095<\/code><\/pre>\n<ul>\n<li>\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\n<ul>\n<li><code>free<\/code>\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u7684\u5f53\u524d\u6ca1\u6709\u88ab\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5185\u5b58<\/li>\n<li><code>buffer\/cache<\/code>\uff1a\u5728\u6709\u9700\u8981\u65f6\uff0c\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u91ca\u653e\u51fa\u6765\u4ee5\u4f9b\u5176\u4ed6\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4f7f\u7528\u7684<\/li>\n<li><code>available<\/code>\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u7cfb\u7edf\u76ee\u524d\u80fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u7ed9\u65b0\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5185\u5b58<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u6536\u5355\u91ca\u653e\u5185\u5b58<code>buffer\/cache<\/code>\n<ul>\n<li>\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\uff1a<code>syn<\/code><\/li>\n<li>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b65\uff1a<code>echo &quot;3&quot; &gt; \/proc\/sys\/vm\/drop_caches<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u7ba1\u7406\u8fdb\u7a0b\u72b6\u6001<\/h3>\n<p>\u5f53\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fd0\u884c\u4e3a\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u5173\u95ed\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u5219\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528<code>kill\u3001killall\u3001pkill<\/code>\u7b49\u547d\u4ee4\u5bf9\u8fdb\u7a0bID\u53d1\u8d77\u5173\u95ed\u4fe1\u53f7<\/p>\n<h4>\u7cfb\u7edf\u652f\u6301\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7<\/h4>\n<p><code>kill # send a signal to a process<\/code><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528<code>kill -l<\/code>\u5217\u51fa\u5f53\u524d\u7cfb\u7edf\u6240\u652f\u6301\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u652f\u6301\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7\u5f88\u591a\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u4eec\u4ec5\u4ee5\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u76843\u4e2a\u4fe1\u53f7\u4e3a\u4f8b\n<ul>\n<li><code>1\uff08SIGHUP\uff09<\/code>\uff1a\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u6765\u91cd\u65b0\u52a0\u8f7d\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6<\/li>\n<li><code>9\uff08SIGKILL\uff09<\/code>\uff1a\u5f3a\u5236\u6740\u6b7b\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/li>\n<li><code>15\uff08SIGTERM\uff09<\/code>\uff1a\u7ec8\u6b62\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4<code>kill<\/code>\u4fe1\u53f7<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u5173\u95ed\u8fdb\u7a0bkill<\/h4>\n<p>1.\u5b89\u88c5<code>vsftpd<\/code>\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u542f\u52a8<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">yum install vsftpd\nsystemctl start vsftpd<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>2.\u4fee\u6539<code>vsftpd<\/code>\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u53d1\u9001\u91cd\u8f7d\u4fe1\u53f7<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"># \u6539\u53d8\u8def\u5f84\necho &quot;anon_root=\/opt&quot; &gt;&gt; \/etc\/vsftpd\/vsftpd.conf\n# \u91cd\u8f7d\u670d\u52a1\nkill -1 81379<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>3.\u53d1\u9001\u505c\u6b62\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4fe1\u53f7<\/p>\n<p><code>kill -15 9160<\/code><\/p>\n<p>4.\u53d1\u9001\u5f3a\u5236\u505c\u6b62\u4fe1\u53f7\uff0c\u5f53\u65e0\u6cd5\u505c\u6b62\u670d\u52a1\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u5f3a\u5236\u7ec8\u6b62\u4fe1\u53f7<\/p>\n<p><code>kill -9 9160<\/code><\/p>\n<h4>\u5173\u95ed\u8fdb\u7a0bpkill<\/h4>\n<p><code>pkill # look up or signal processes based on name and other attributes<\/code><br \/>\n<code>killall # kill processes by name<\/code><\/p>\n<p>1.\u901a\u8fc7<code>pkill\u3001killall<\/code>\u6307\u5b9a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u670d\u52a1\u540d\u79f0\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5c06\u5176\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5173\u95ed<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">pkill nginx\nkillall nginx<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>2.\u4f7f\u7528<code>pkill<\/code>\u5c06\u8fdc\u7a0b\u8fde\u63a5\u7528\u6237\u8e22\u4e0b\u7ebf<\/p>\n<p><code>pkill -9 -t pts\/0<\/code><\/p>\n<h3>\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7<\/h3>\n<h4>\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u6307\u7684\u662f\u4f18\u5148\u4eab\u53d7\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u6392\u961f\u4e70\u7968\u65f6\uff0c\u519b\u4eba\u4f18\u5148\u3001\u8001\u4eba\u4f18\u5148<\/li>\n<li>\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\uff1a\u4f18\u5148\u4f7f\u7528<code>cpu<\/code>\u8d44\u6e90<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u4e3a\u4f55\u9700\u8981\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4e3e\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a\u6d77\u5e95\u635e\u706b\u9505\u6b63\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u54cd\u5e94\u5c31\u7279\u522b\u6162\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5f53\u8282\u5047\u65e5\u65f6\u4eba\u5458\u7a81\u589e\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u5904\u7406\u8bf7\u6c42\u7279\u522b\u6162\n<ul>\n<li>\u90a3\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u662f\u6d77\u5e95\u635e<code>VIP<\/code>\u5ba2\u6237\uff08\u6700\u9ad8\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\uff09\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u591a\u4e48\u7e41\u5fd9\uff0c\u6211\u90fd\u65e0\u9700\u6392\u961f\uff0c\u6d77\u5e95\u635e\u4eba\u5458\u76f4\u63a5\u670d\u52a1\u4e8e\u6211\uff0c\u6ee1\u8db3\u6211\u7684\u9700\u6c42<\/li>\n<li>\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4e0d\u662f<code>VIP<\/code>\u7684\u4eba\u5458\uff08\u8f83\u4f4e\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\uff09\u5219\u8fdb\u5165\u6392\u961f\u7b49\u5f85\u72b6\u6001<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5982\u4f55\u914d\u7f6e\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5728\u542f\u52a8\u8fdb\u7a0b\u65f6\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8c03\u5ea6\u7b56\u7565<\/li>\n<li><code>nice<\/code>\u503c\u8d8a\u9ad8\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u8d8a\u4f4e\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982+19\uff0c\u8be5\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5bb9\u6613\u5c06<code>CPU<\/code>\u4f7f\u7528\u91cf\u8ba9\u7ed9\u5176\u4ed6\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/li>\n<li><code>nice<\/code>\u503c\u8d8a\u4f4e\uff1a\u8868\u793a\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u8d8a\u9ad8\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982-20\uff0c\u8be5\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e0d\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u8ba9\u51fa<code>CPU<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u5982\u4f55\u67e5\u770b<\/h4>\n<p>1.\u4f7f\u7528<code>top<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u770b\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"># NI\uff1a\u663e\u793anice\u503c\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u662f0\n# PR\uff1a\u663e\u793anice\u503c\uff0c-20\u6620\u5c04\u52300\uff0c+19\u6620\u5c04\u523039\nPID USER      PR  NI    VIRT    RES    SHR S  %CPU %MEM     TIME+ COMMAND\n1 root      20   0  191144   4192   2628 S   0.0  0.1   3:29.21 systemd\n2 root      20   0       0      0      0 S   0.0  0.0   0:00.52 kthreadd<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>2.\u4f7f\u7528<code>ps o, Specify user-defined format.<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u770b\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">vim\nps axo command,nice | grep vim | grep -v grep\nvim                           0<\/code><\/pre>\n<h4>\u6307\u5b9a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u542f\u52a8\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7nice<\/h4>\n<p><code>nice # run a program with modified scheduling priority<\/code><br \/>\n<code>-n,--adjustment<\/code><br \/>\n1.\u542f\u52a8<code>vim<\/code>\u5e76\u4e14\u6307\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u4e3a -5<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">nice -n -5 vim &amp;\n[1] 128875<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>2.\u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d<code>vim<\/code>\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">ps axo pid,command,nice | grep 128875 | grep -v grep\n128875 vim                          -5<\/code><\/pre>\n<h4>\u4fee\u6539\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7renice<\/h4>\n<p>1.\u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u6b63\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u7684<code>sshd<\/code>\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u72b6\u6001<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">ps axo pid,command,nice | grep [s]shd\n   936 \/usr\/sbin\/sshd -D             0\n128242 sshd: root@pts\/0,pts\/1        0<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>2.\u8c03\u6574<code>sshd<\/code>\u4e3b\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7<br \/>\n<code>renice # alter priority of running processes<\/code><\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">renice -n -20 936\n936 (\u8fdb\u7a0b ID) \u65e7\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u4e3a 0\uff0c\u65b0\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u4e3a -20<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>3.\u8c03\u6574\u4e4b\u540e\u5982\u4e0b\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u9000\u51fa\u7ec8\u7aef\uff0c\u91cd\u65b0\u6253\u5f00\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ec8\u7aef\uff0c\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u624d\u4f1a\u7ee7\u627f\u4e3b\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">ps axo pid,command,nice | grep [s]shd\n   936 \/usr\/sbin\/sshd -D           -20\n128242 sshd: root@pts\/1,pts\/0        0\nexit  # cause the shell to exit<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>4.\u518d\u6b21\u767b\u5f55<code>sshd<\/code>\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u4f1a\u7531\u4e3b\u8fdb\u7a0b<code>fork<\/code>\u5b50<code>sshd<\/code>\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff08\u90a3\u4e48\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4f1a\u7ee7\u627f\u4e3b\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\uff09<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">ps axo pid,command,nice | grep [s]shd\n   936 \/usr\/sbin\/sshd -D           -20\n130382 sshd: root@pts\/0            -20<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>\u540e\u53f0\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ba1\u7406<\/h3>\n<h4>\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u540e\u53f0\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/h4>\n<p>\u901a\u5e38\u8fdb\u7a0b\u90fd\u4f1a\u5728\u7ec8\u7aef\u524d\u53f0\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u4e00\u65e6\u5173\u95ed\u7ec8\u7aef\uff0c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e5f\u4f1a\u968f\u7740\u7ed3\u675f<br \/>\n\u90a3\u4e48\u6b64\u65f6\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u5e0c\u671b\u8fdb\u7a0b\u80fd\u5728\u540e\u53f0\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5c06\u5728\u524d\u53f0\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u653e\u5165\u540e\u53f0\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5373\u4f7f\u6211\u4eec\u5173\u95ed\u4e86\u7ec8\u7aef\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5f71\u54cd\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u6b63\u5e38\u8fd0\u884c<\/p>\n<h4>\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u9700\u8981\u540e\u53f0\u8fd0\u884c<\/h4>\n<p>\u6bd4\u5982\uff1a\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u5411\u522b\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4f20\u8f93\u5927\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u9700\u8981\u4f20\u8f93\u5f88\u4e45\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5728\u4f20\u8f93\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u51fa\u73b0\u7f51\u7edc\u6296\u52a8\u6216\u8005\u4e0d\u5c0f\u5fc3\u5173\u95ed\u4e86\u7ec8\u7aef\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u4f20\u8f93\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u80fd\u5c06\u4f20\u8f93\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u653e\u5165\u540e\u53f0\uff0c\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u5c31\u80fd\u89e3\u51b3\u6b64\u7c7b\u95ee\u9898\u4e86<\/p>\n<h4>\u5982\u4f55\u5c06\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8f6c\u4e3a\u540e\u53f0<\/h4>\n<p>\u65e9\u671f\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u5927\u5bb6\u90fd\u9009\u62e9\u4f7f\u7528<code>nohup + &amp;<\/code>\u7b26\u5408\u5c06\u8fdb\u7a0b\u653e\u5165\u540e\u53f0\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u518d\u4f7f\u7528<code>jobs\u3001bg\u3001fg<\/code>\u7b49\u65b9\u5f0f\u67e5\u770b\u8fdb\u7a0b\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u4f46\u592a\u9ebb\u70e6\u4e86\u4e5f\u4e0d\u76f4\u89c2\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u4eec\u63a8\u8350\u4f7f\u7528<code>screen<\/code><\/p>\n<h5>nohup\u65b9\u5f0f<\/h5>\n<p><code>nohup # run a command immune to hangups, with output to a non-tty<\/code><br \/>\n1.\u4f7f\u7528<code>nohup<\/code>\u5c06\u524d\u53f0\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8f6c\u5230\u540e\u53f0\u8fd0\u884c<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">nohup sleep 3000 &amp;\n[1] 4175<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>2.\u67e5\u770b\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8fd0\u884c\u60c5\u51b5<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">ps axu | grep [s]leep\nroot       4175  0.0  0.0 108052   360 pts\/0    S    17:53   0:00 sleep 3000<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>3.\u4f7f\u7528<code>jobs\u3001bg\u3001fg<\/code>\u7b49\u65b9\u5f0f\u67e5\u770b\u540e\u53f0\u4f5c\u4e1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"># \u67e5\u770b\u540e\u53f0\u4f5c\u4e1a\njobs\n[1]+  \u8fd0\u884c\u4e2d               nohup sleep 3000 &amp;\nfg %1  # \u8f6c\u4e3a\u524d\u53f0\u8fd0\u884c\uff08run jobs in the foreground\uff09\nbg %1  # \u8f6c\u4e3a\u540e\u53f0\u8fd0\u884c\uff08run jobs in the background\uff09<\/code><\/pre>\n<h5>screen\u65b9\u5f0f<\/h5>\n<p><code>screen manager with VT100\/ANSI terminal emulation<\/code><\/p>\n<p>1.\u5b89\u88c5<code>screen<\/code>\u5de5\u5177<\/p>\n<p><code>yum install screen<\/code><\/p>\n<p>2.\u5f00\u542f\u4e00\u4e2a<code>screen<\/code>\u5b50\u7a97\u53e3\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7<code>-S sessionname<\/code>\u4e3a\u5176\u6307\u5b9a\u540d\u79f0<\/p>\n<p><code>screen -S test<\/code><\/p>\n<p>3.\u5728<code>screen<\/code>\u7a97\u53e3\u4e2d\u6267\u884c\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6267\u884c\u524d\u53f0\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u4efb\u52a1<\/p>\n<p>4.\u4f7f\u7528<code>ctrl+a+d<\/code>\u5e73\u6ed1\u9000\u51fa<code>screen<\/code>\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u4f1a\u7ec8\u6b62<code>screen<\/code>\u4e2d\u7684\u524d\u53f0\u4efb\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n<p><code>[detached from 4890.test]<\/code><\/p>\n<p>5.\u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u6709\u591a\u5c11<code>screen<\/code>\u6b63\u5728\u8fd0\u884c<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">screen -list\nThere is a screen on:\n        4890.test       (Detached)\n1 Socket in \/var\/run\/screen\/S-root.<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>6.\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7<code>screenid<\/code>\u6216<code>screen<\/code>\u6807\u7b7e\u540d\u79f0\u8fdb\u5165<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">screen -r 4890\nscreen -r test\nexit  # \u9000\u51fa\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u7ed3\u675fscreen\n[screen is terminating]<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>\u7cfb\u7edf\u5e73\u5747\u8d1f\u8f7d<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>\u6bcf\u6b21\u53d1\u73b0\u7cfb\u7edf\u53d8\u6162\u65f6\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u505a\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4ef6\u4e8b\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u6267\u884c<code>top<\/code>\u6216<code>uptime<\/code>\u6765\u4e86\u89e3\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u60c5\u51b5<\/li>\n<li>\u6bd4\u5982\u50cf\u4e0b\u9762\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u91cc\u8f93\u5165\u4e86<code>uptime<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e5f\u968f\u5373\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u7ed3\u679c<br \/>\n<code>uptime # Tell how long the system has been running<\/code><\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">uptime\n19:33:51 up 35 days,  1:25,  1 user,  load average: 0.00, 0.01, 0.05\n# \u524d\u9762\u51e0\u5217\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u662f\u5f53\u524d\u65f6\u95f4\u3001\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u4ee5\u53ca\u6b63\u5728\u767b\u5f55\u7528\u6237\u6570\n# \u800c\u6700\u540e\u4e09\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u5462\uff0c\u4f9d\u6b21\u5206\u522b\u662f\u8fc7\u53bb1\u5206\u949f\u30015\u5206\u949f\u300115\u5206\u949f\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u8d1f\u8f7d\uff08load blance\uff09<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u5e73\u5747\u8d1f\u8f7d<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5e73\u5747\u8d1f\u8f7d\u662f\u5355\u4f4d\u65f6\u95f4\u5185<code>CPU<\/code>\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u5417\uff1b\n<ul>\n<li>\u4e0a\u9762\u76840.05\u4ee3\u8868<code>CPU<\/code>\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u662f5%\uff1f\u5176\u5b9e\u4e0d\u662f<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u90a3\u5982\u4f55\u7406\u89e3\u5e73\u5747\u8d1f\u8f7d\uff1a\n<ul>\n<li>\u5e73\u5747\u8d1f\u8f7d\u662f\u6307\u5355\u4f4d\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5904\u4e8e<em>\u53ef\u8fd0\u884c\u72b6\u6001<\/em>\u548c<em>\u4e0d\u53ef\u4e2d\u65ad\u72b6\u6001<\/em>\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6570\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5e73\u5747\u6d3b\u8dc3\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6570\uff1b\u6216\u8005\u7406\u89e3<em>\u5e73\u5747\u8d1f\u8f7d<\/em>\u662f<em>\u5355\u4f4d\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u7684\u6d3b\u8dc3\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6570<\/em><\/li>\n<li>\u5e73\u5747\u8d1f\u8f7d\u4e0e<code>CPU<\/code>\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u76f4\u63a5\u5173\u7cfb<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5>\u53ef\u8fd0\u884c\u72b6\u6001<\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li>\u53ef\u8fd0\u884c\u72b6\u6001\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/li>\n<li>\u6307\u6b63\u5728\u4f7f\u7528<code>CPU<\/code>\u6216\u8005\u6b63\u5728\u7b49\u5f85<code>CPU<\/code>\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u6211\u4eec<code>ps<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u770b\u5230\u5904\u4e8e<code>R + S<\/code>\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5>\u4e0d\u53ef\u4e2d\u65ad\u72b6\u6001<\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4e0d\u53ef\u4e2d\u65ad\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/li>\n<li>\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u662f\u7b49\u5f85\u786c\u4ef6\u8bbe\u5907\u7684<code>I\/O<\/code>\u54cd\u5e94\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7<code>ps<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u4e2d\u770b\u5230<code>D(Disk Sleep)<\/code>\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/li>\n<li>\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u5f53\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5411\u78c1\u76d8\u8bfb\u5199\u6570\u636e\u65f6\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6570\u636e\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\uff0c\u5728\u5f97\u5230\u78c1\u76d8\u56de\u590d\u524d\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab\u5176\u4ed6\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e2d\u65ad\u6253\u65ad\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u5019\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5c31\u5904\u4e8e\u4e0d\u53ef\u4e2d\u65ad\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6b64\u65f6\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u88ab\u6253\u65ad\u4e86\uff0c\u5c31\u5bb9\u6613\u51fa\u73b0\u78c1\u76d8\u6570\u636e\u4e0e\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6570\u636e\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u95ee\u9898<\/li>\n<li>\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ef\u4e2d\u65ad\u72b6\u6001\u5b9e\u9645\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u5bf9\u8fdb\u7a0b\u548c\u786c\u4ef6\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u4fdd\u62a4\u673a\u5236<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u5e73\u5747\u8d1f\u8f7d\u4e3a\u591a\u5c11\u65f6\u5408\u7406<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u7406\u60f3\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u662f\u6bcf\u4e2a<code>CPU<\/code>\u4e0a\u90fd\u521a\u597d\u8fd0\u884c\u7740\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u6bcf\u4e2a<code>CPU<\/code>\u90fd\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u5145\u5206\u5229\u7528<\/li>\n<li>\u6240\u4ee5\u5728\u8bc4\u5224\u5e73\u5747\u8d1f\u8f7d\u65f6\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u4f60\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u7cfb\u7edf\u6709\u51e0\u4e2a<code>CPU<\/code>\u901a\u8fc7<code>top<\/code>\u547d\u4ee4\u83b7\u53d6\uff0c\u6216<code>\/proc\/cpuinfo<\/code>\uff0c\u6216<code>lscpu # display information on CPU architecture<\/code><\/li>\n<li>\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a\u5047\u8bbe\u73b0\u5728\u57284\u30012\u30011\u6838\u7684<code>CPU<\/code>\u4e0a\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5e73\u5747\u8d1f\u8f7d\u4e3a2\u65f6\uff0c\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4ec0\u4e48\n<ul>\n<li>1.\u57284\u4e2a<code>CPU<\/code>\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\uff0c\u610f\u5473\u7740<code>CPU<\/code>\u670950%\u7684\u7a7a\u95f2<\/li>\n<li>2.\u57282\u4e2a<code>CPU<\/code>\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\uff0c\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6240\u6709\u7684<code>CPU<\/code>\u90fd\u521a\u597d\u88ab\u5b8c\u5168\u5360\u7528<\/li>\n<li>3.\u800c1\u4e2a<code>CPU<\/code>\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\uff0c\u5219\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6709\u4e00\u534a\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ade\u4e89\u4e0d\u5230<code>CPU<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u5e73\u5747\u8d1f\u8f7d\u6709\u4e09\u4e2a\u6570\u503c\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e94\u8be5\u5173\u6ce8\u54ea\u4e2a\u5462\uff1f<\/li>\n<li>\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u5e73\u5747\u8d1f\u8f7d\u4e2d\u7684\u4e09\u4e2a\u6307\u6807\u6211\u4eec\u5176\u5b9e\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u5173\u6ce8\u3002\uff08\u5c31\u597d\u6bd4\u4e00\u5929\u7684\u5929\u6c14\u8981\u7ed3\u5408\u8d77\u6765\u770b\uff09<\/li>\n<li>1\u5206\u949f\u30015\u5206\u949f\u300115\u5206\u949f\u7684\u4e09\u4e2a\u503c\u57fa\u672c\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u76f8\u5dee\u4e0d\u5927\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u8bf4\u660e\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5f88\u5e73\u7a33<\/li>\n<li>1\u5206\u949f\u7684\u503c\u5c0f\u4e8e15\u5206\u949f\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u7cfb\u7edf\u6700\u8fd11\u5206\u949f\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5728\u51cf\u5c11\uff0c\u800c\u8fc7\u53bb15\u5206\u949f\u5185\u5374\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d<\/li>\n<li>\u5982\u679c1\u5206\u949f\u7684\u503c\u8fdc\u5927\u4e8e15\u5206\u949f\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u5c31\u8bf4\u660e\u6700\u8fd11\u5206\u949f\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5728\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u589e\u52a0\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u53ea\u662f\u4e34\u65f6\u6027\u7684\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u8fd8\u4f1a\u6301\u7eed\u4e0a\u5347\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u6301\u7eed\u89c2\u5bdf<\/li>\n<li>\u4e00\u65e6\u4e00\u5206\u949f\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u8d1f\u8f7d\u63a5\u8fd1\u6216\u8d85\u8fc7\u4e86<code>CPU<\/code>\u7684\u4e2a\u6570\uff0c\u5c31\u610f\u5473\u7740\u7cfb\u7edf\u6b63\u5728\u53d1\u751f\u8fc7\u8f7d\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u8fd9\u65f6\u5c31\u5f97\u5206\u6790\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5e76\u8981\u60f3\u529e\u6cd5\u4f18\u5316\u4e86<\/li>\n<li>\u4f8b\uff1a\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u67092\u4e2a<code>CPU<\/code>\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u770b\u5230\u5e73\u5747\u8d1f\u8f7d\u4e3a2.73\uff0c6.90\uff0c12.98\n<ul>\n<li>\u90a3\u4e48\u8bf4\u660e\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb1\u5206\u949f\u5185\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u6709136%\u7684\u8d85\u8f7d\uff082.72\/2=136%\uff09<\/li>\n<li>\u800c\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb5\u5206\u949f\u5185\uff0c\u6709345%\u7684\u8d85\u8f7d\uff086.90\/2=345%\uff09<\/li>\n<li>\u800c\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb15\u5206\u949f\u5185\uff0c\u6709649%\u7684\u8d85\u8f7d\uff0812.98\/2=649%\uff09<\/li>\n<li>\u4f46\u4ece\u6574\u4f53\u8d8b\u52bf\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u662f\u5728\u9010\u6b65\u7684\u964d\u4f4e<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u5e73\u5747\u8d1f\u8f7d\u4e0eCPU\u4f7f\u7528\u7387<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7ecf\u5e38\u5bb9\u6613\u628a\u5e73\u5747\u8d1f\u8f7d\u548c<code>CPU<\/code>\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u6df7\u6dc6\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u4e5f\u8981\u505a\u4e00\u4e2a\u533a\u5206<\/li>\n<li>\u65e2\u7136\u5e73\u5747\u8d1f\u8f7d\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u662f\u6d3b\u8dc3\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6570\uff0c\u90a3\u5e73\u5747\u8d1f\u8f7d\u9ad8\u4e86\uff0c\u4e0d\u5c31\u610f\u5473\u7740<code>CPU<\/code>\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u9ad8\u5417\uff1f<\/li>\n<li>\u6211\u4eec\u56de\u5230\u5e73\u5747\u8d1f\u8f7d\u7684\u542b\u4e49\u4e0a\u6765\uff0c\u5e73\u5747\u8d1f\u8f7d\u662f\u6307\u5355\u4f4d\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\uff0c\u5904\u4e8e<strong>\u53ef\u8fd0\u884c\u72b6\u6001<\/strong>\u548c\u4e0d\u53ef\u4e2d\u65ad\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6570<\/li>\n<li>\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u5b83\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5305\u62ec\u4e86\u6b63\u5728\u4f7f\u7528<code>CPU<\/code>\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u8fd8\u5305\u62ec\u4e86\u7b49\u5f85<code>CPU<\/code>\u548c\u7b49\u5f85<code>I\/O<\/code>\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/li>\n<li>\u800c<code>CPU<\/code>\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\uff0c\u662f\u5355\u4f4d\u65f6\u95f4\u5185<code>CPU<\/code>\u7e41\u5fd9\u60c5\u51b5\u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\uff0c\u8ddf\u5e73\u5747\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5e76\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u5b8c\u5168\u5bf9\u5e94\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff1a\n<ul>\n<li><code>CPU<\/code>\u5bc6\u96c6\u578b\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u5927\u91cf<code>CPU<\/code>\u8ba1\u7b97\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u5e73\u5747\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5347\u9ad8\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u8fd9\u4e24\u8005\u662f\u4e00\u81f4\u7684<\/li>\n<li><code>I\/O<\/code>\u5bc6\u96c6\u578b\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u7b49\u5f85<code>I\/O<\/code>\u4e5f\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u5e73\u5747\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5347\u9ad8\uff0c\u4f46<code>CPU<\/code>\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u5f88\u9ad8<\/li>\n<li>\u5927\u91cf\u7684<code>CPU<\/code>\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8c03\u5ea6\u4e5f\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u5e73\u5747\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5347\u9ad8\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u7684<code>CPU<\/code>\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u4e5f\u4f1a\u6bd4\u8f83\u9ad8<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u8fdb\u7a0b\u57fa\u672c\u6982\u8ff0 \u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e0e\u8fdb\u7a0b \u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff1a\u5f00\u53d1\u7f16\u5199\u7684\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u5c01\u88c5\u4e3a\u4ea7\u54c1\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\uff08\u5fae\u4fe1\u3001\u9489\u9489\u7b49\u7b49\uff09\u90fd\u79f0\u4e3a\u7a0b\u5e8f \u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u8fdb&#8230; &raquo; <a class=\"read-more-link\" href=\"http:\/\/blue.yn.cn\/?p=526\">\u9605\u8bfb\u5168\u6587<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-526","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-linux"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/blue.yn.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/526","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/blue.yn.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/blue.yn.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/blue.yn.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/blue.yn.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=526"}],"version-history":[{"count":23,"href":"http:\/\/blue.yn.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/526\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1822,"href":"http:\/\/blue.yn.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/526\/revisions\/1822"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/blue.yn.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=526"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/blue.yn.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=526"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/blue.yn.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=526"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}