{"id":69,"date":"2024-03-16T20:33:13","date_gmt":"2024-03-16T12:33:13","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blue.yn.cn\/?p=69"},"modified":"2024-03-18T23:59:59","modified_gmt":"2024-03-18T15:59:59","slug":"admin","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/blue.yn.cn\/?p=69","title":{"rendered":"iptables+firewalld\u9632\u706b\u5899\u5b9e\u8df5"},"content":{"rendered":"<h3>iptables\u57fa\u672c\u4ecb\u7ecd<\/h3>\n<h4>\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u9632\u706b\u5899<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u8fc7\u53bb\uff0c\u5f88\u957f\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u671f\u91cc\uff0c\u623f\u5c4b\u90fd\u662f\u8349\u5c4b\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u65e6\u7740\u706b\uff0c\u56db\u90bb\u4e5f\u4f1a\u8ddf\u7740\u906d\u6b83\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e3a\u5b89\u5168\u8d77\u89c1\uff0c\u53e4\u4eba\u5c31\u5728\u81ea\u5df1\u5c45\u4f4f\u5730\u5468\u56f4\u4fee\u7b51\u9ad8\u9ad8\u7684\u56f4\u5899\uff0c\u4ee5\u963b\u6321\u5916\u6765\u7684\u706b\u52bf\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u5899\u5c31\u53eb<em>\u9632\u706b\u5899<\/em><\/li>\n<li>\u5982\u4eca\uff0c\u56e0\u7279\u7f51\u628a\u4e16\u754c\u5404\u5730\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u90fd\u7d27\u5bc6\u5730\u8fde\u63a5\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u4e25\u52a0\u9632\u536b\uff0c\u4e00\u65e6\u7f51\u7edc\u88ab\u4fb5\u5bb3\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u4e0d\u53ef\u9884\u8ba1\u7684\u635f\u5931\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\u5728\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u4e0a\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u91c7\u7528\u7c7b\u4f3c\u9632\u706b\u5899\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u6765\u4fdd\u62a4\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0d\u53d7\u4fb5\u5bb3\uff0c\u4e3a\u6b64\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u8bbe\u5b9a\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u786e\u5b9a\u54ea\u4e9b\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u5141\u8bb8\u901a\u8fc7\uff0c\u54ea\u4e9b\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u901a\u8fc7<\/li>\n<li>\u90a3\u4e48\u5177\u5907\u8fd9\u79cd\u529f\u80fd\u7684<em>\u786c\u4ef6\u6216\u8f6f\u4ef6<\/em>\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u79f0\u4e4b\u4e3a<em>\u9632\u706b\u5899<\/em>\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u9632\u706b\u5899\u7684\u5206\u7c7b<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4ece\u903b\u8f91\u4e0a\u8bb2\uff0c\u9632\u706b\u5899\u53ef\u4ee5\u5927\u4f53\u5206\u4e3a\u4e3b\u673a\u9632\u706b\u5899\u548c\u7f51\u7edc\u9632\u706b\u5899\n<ul>\n<li>\u4e3b\u673a\u9632\u706b\u5899\uff1a\u9488\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5355\u4e2a\u4e3b\u673a\u8fdb\u884c\u9632\u706b\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982<code>windows<\/code><\/li>\n<li>\u7f51\u7edc\u9632\u706b\u5899\uff1a\u5f80\u5f80\u5904\u4e8e\u7f51\u8def\u5165\u53e3\uff0c\u9488\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7f51\u7edc\u5165\u53e3\u8fdb\u884c\u9632\u62a4\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u4e8e\u9632\u706b\u5899\u80cc\u540e\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7fa4\u7ec4\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u4ece\u7269\u7406\u4e0a\u8bb2\uff0c\u9632\u706b\u5899\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u4e3a\u786c\u4ef6\u9632\u706b\u5899\u548c\u8f6f\u4ef6\u9632\u706b\u5899\n<ul>\n<li>\u786c\u4ef6\u9632\u706b\u5899\uff1a\u5728\u786c\u4ef6\u7ea7\u522b\u5b9e\u73b0\u90e8\u5206\u9632\u62a4\u5899\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u529f\u80fd\u57fa\u4e8e\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u6027\u80fd\u9ad8\uff0c\u6210\u672c\u9ad8<\/li>\n<li>\u8f6f\u4ef6\u9632\u706b\u5899\uff1a\u4ee5\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6a21\u62df\u9632\u706b\u5899\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u5728\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\uff0c\u6027\u80fd\u4e0d\u9ad8\uff0c\u6210\u672c\u8f83\u4f4e<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u4ec0\u4e48\u662fiptables<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li><code>iptables<\/code> \u5176\u5b9e\u4e0d\u662f\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u9632\u706b\u5899\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ee3\u7406\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u901a\u8fc7 <code>iptables<\/code> \u8fd9\u4e2a\u4ee3\u7406\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5c06\u5b89\u5168\u89c4\u5219\u6267\u884c\u5230\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u201d\u5b89\u5168\u6846\u67b6\u201c\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u201d\u5b89\u5168\u6846\u67b6\u201c\u624d\u662f\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u9632\u706b\u5899\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b89\u5168\u6846\u67b6\u53eb<code>netfilter<\/code>\uff0c\u662f\u5185\u6838\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u4e0d\u53ef\u7f3a\u5c11\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206<\/li>\n<li><code>iptables<\/code> \u4f4d\u4e8e\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7528\u6237\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u662f\u901a\u8fc7 <code>iptables<\/code> \u547d\u4ee4\u5de5\u5177\u64cd\u4f5c <code>netfilter<\/code> \u5185\u6838\u6846\u67b6<\/li>\n<li>\u6240\u4ee5 <code>iptables<\/code> \u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u53eb\u6cd5\u5e94\u8be5\u662f <code>netfilter\/iptables<\/code>\uff0c\u5b83\u662f <code>linux<\/code> \u5e73\u53f0\u4e0b\u7684\u201d\u5305\u8fc7\u6ee4\u578b\u9632\u706b\u5899\u201c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5305\u8fc7\u6ee4\u9632\u706b\u5899\u662f\u514d\u8d39\u7684\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ee3\u66ff\u6602\u8d35\u7684\u5546\u4e1a\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u5b8c\u6210\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684\u8fc7\u6ee4\u3001\u8fde\u63a5\u8ffd\u8e2a\u3001\u9650\u901f\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u5730\u5740\u8f6c\u6362\uff08nat\uff09\u7b49\u529f\u80fd<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/image-1710594261478.png\" alt=\"file\" \/><\/p>\n<h4>\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u5305\u8fc7\u6ee4\u9632\u706b\u5899<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5305\u8fc7\u6ee4\u9632\u706b\u5899\u5b83\u5de5\u4f5c\u5728OSI\u4e03\u5c42\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u5c42\uff0c\u7528\u6765\u5339\u914d\u7f51\u7edc\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684\uff08<code>header<\/code>\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol>\n<li>\u5c06 header \u4e0e\u9884\u5148\u5b9a\u4e49\u597d\u7684\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219\u8fdb\u884c\u6bd4\u5bf9<\/li>\n<li>\u4e0e\u89c4\u5219\u76f8\u5339\u914d\u7684\u5305\u4f1a\u88ab\u6267\u884c<\/li>\n<li>\u4e0e\u89c4\u5219\u4e0d\u5339\u914d\u7684\u5305\u5219\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u88ab\u4e22\u5f03\u3001\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u6267\u884c\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li>\u7531\u4e8e\u5305\u8fc7\u6ee4\u9632\u706b\u5899\u5de5\u4f5c\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u5c42\uff0c\u6545\u4e5f\u79f0\u201d\u7f51\u7edc\u5c42\u9632\u706b\u5899\u201c\uff0c\u5b83\u901a\u8fc7\u68c0\u67e5\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684\uff1a\n<ul>\n<li>\u6e90\u5730\u5740\u3001\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u5740<\/li>\n<li>\u6e90\u7aef\u53e3\u3001\u76ee\u7684\u7aef\u53e3<\/li>\n<li>\u534f\u8bae\u7c7b\u578b\uff08TCP\u3001UDP\u3001ICMP\uff09\u7b49\u72b6\u6001\u4fe1\u606f\u6765\u5224\u65ad\u662f\u5426\u7b26\u5408\u89c4\u5219<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u5305\u8fc7\u6ee4\u9632\u706b\u5899\u5982\u4f55\u5b9e\u73b0<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5305\u8fc7\u6ee4\u9632\u706b\u5899\u662f\u7531 <code>netfilter<\/code> \u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u5185\u6838\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206<\/li>\n<li>\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u60f3\u8981\u9632\u706b\u5899\u80fd\u591f\u8fbe\u5230\u201d\u9632\u706b\u201c\u7684\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u5219\u9700\u8981\u5728\u5185\u6838\u4e2d\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5173\u5361\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u8fdb\u51fa\u7684\u62a5\u6587\u90fd\u8981\u7ecf\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5173\u5361\u8fdb\u884c\u68c0\u67e5\n<ul>\n<li>\u5c06\u7b26\u5408\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u653e\u884c<\/li>\n<li>\u4e0d\u7b26\u5408\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u963b\u6b62<\/li>\n<li>\u800c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5173\u5361\u5728 <code>iptables<\/code> \u4e2d\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a<em>\u94fe<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>iptables\u94fe\u7684\u6982\u5ff5<\/h3>\n<h4>\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u94fe<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5728iptables\u4e2d\u7684\u5173\u5361\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a<em>\u94fe<\/em><\/li>\n<li>\u9632\u706b\u5899\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u4e8e\u5bf9\u7ecf\u8fc7\u7684\u6570\u636e\u62a5\u6587\u8fdb\u884c<em>\u89c4\u5219<\/em>\u5339\u914d\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u6267\u884c\u89c4\u5219\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684<em>\u52a8\u4f5c<\/em>\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5f53\u62a5\u6587\u7ecf\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5173\u5361\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5219\u5fc5\u987b\u5339\u914d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5173\u5361\u4e0a\u7684\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5173\u5361\u4e0a\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u6b62\u6709\u4e00\u6761\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u6761\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u628a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u89c4\u5219\u4e32\u5230\u4e00\u8d77\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5c31\u5f62\u6210\u4e86<em>\u94fe<\/em><\/li>\n<li>\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7ecf\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e2a<em>\u5173\u5361<\/em>\u7684\u62a5\u6587\uff0c\u90fd\u8981\u5c06\u8fd9\u6761<em>\u94fe<\/em>\u4e0a\u7684\u6240\u6709\u89c4\u5219\u5339\u914d\u4e00\u904d\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6709\u7b26\u5408\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u5219\u6267\u884c\u89c4\u5219\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u5219\u6267\u884c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u94fe\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>iptables\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u94fe<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u542f\u7528\u4e86\u9632\u706b\u5899\u529f\u80fd\u65f6\uff0c\u62a5\u6587\u9700\u8981\u7ecf\u8fc7\u5f88\u591a\u5173\u5361\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u5b9e\u9645\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u62a5\u6587\u7ecf\u8fc7<em>\u94fe<\/em>\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u5927\u4f53\u5206\u4e3a\u5982\u4e0b\u4e09\u7c7b\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol>\n<li>\u8bf7\u6c42\u672c\u673a\u4f1a\u7ecf\u8fc7\u54ea\u4e9b\u94fe<code>(prerouting--&gt;input--&gt;local process)<\/code><\/li>\n<li>\u7ecf\u8fc7\u672c\u673a\u53c8\u4f1a\u7ecf\u8fc7\u54ea\u4e9b\u94fe<code>(prerouting--&gt;forward--&gt;postrouting)<\/code><\/li>\n<li>\u4ece\u672c\u673a\u53d1\u51fa\u53c8\u4f1a\u7ecf\u8fc7\u54ea\u4e9b\u94fe<code>(local process--&gt;output--&gt;postrouting)<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/image-1710633980119.png\" alt=\"file\" \/><\/p>\n<h3>iptables\u8868\u7684\u6982\u5ff5<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u6bcf\u4e2a<em>\u94fe<\/em>\u4e0a\u90fd\u653e\u7f6e\u4e86\u4e00\u4e32\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u89c4\u5219\u6709\u4e9b\u5f88\u76f8\u4f3c\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\uff1a\n<ul>\n<li>A\u7c7b\u89c4\u5219\u90fd\u662f\u5bf9IP\u6216\u8005\u7aef\u53e3\u7684\u8fc7\u6ee4<\/li>\n<li>B\u7c7b\u89c4\u5219\u90fd\u54e6\u662f\u5bf9\u62a5\u6587\u8fdb\u884c\u4fee\u6539\u7684<\/li>\n<li>C\u7c7b\u89c4\u5219\u90fd\u662f\u8fdb\u884c\u5730\u5740\u8f6c\u6362\u7684<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u90a3\u4e48\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u80fd\u628a\u5b9e\u73b0\u76f8\u540c\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u653e\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff1f<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u628a\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u96c6\u5408\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u53eb\u505a<em>\u8868<\/em>\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u653e\u7f6e\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8868\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u800c<code>iptables<\/code>\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e864\u79cd\u8868\uff0c\u6bcf\u79cd\u8868\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e86\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u529f\u80fd<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u8868\u7684\u529f\u80fd<\/h4>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th><strong>\u8868\u540d<\/strong><\/th>\n<th><strong>\u4f5c\u7528<\/strong><\/th>\n<th><strong>\u5305\u542b\u7684\u94fe<\/strong><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>filter<\/td>\n<td>\u8d1f\u8d23\u8fc7\u6ee4\u529f\u80fd<\/td>\n<td>INPUT\u3001OUTPUT\u3001FORWARD<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>nat<\/td>\n<td>\u8d1f\u8d23\u7f51\u7edc\u5730\u5740\u8f6c\u6362\uff08\u8def\u7531\uff09<\/td>\n<td>PREROUTING\u3001INPUT\u3001OUTPUT\u3001POSTROUTING<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>mangle<\/td>\n<td>\u8d1f\u8d23\u4fee\u6539\u6570\u636e\u5305\u5185\u5bb9<\/td>\n<td>INPUT\u3001OUTPUT\u3001FORWARD\u3001PREROUTING\u3001POSTROUTING<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>raw<\/td>\n<td>\u5173\u95ednat\u8868\u4e0a\u542f\u7528\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u8ffd\u8e2a\u673a\u5236<\/td>\n<td>PREROUTING\u3001OUTPUT<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h4>\u8868\u4e0e\u94fe\u7684\u5173\u7cfb<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li><code>raw--<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>iptables\u57fa\u672c\u4ecb\u7ecd \u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u9632\u706b\u5899 \u8fc7\u53bb\uff0c\u5f88\u957f\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u671f\u91cc\uff0c\u623f\u5c4b\u90fd\u662f\u8349\u5c4b\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u65e6\u7740\u706b\uff0c\u56db\u90bb\u4e5f\u4f1a\u8ddf\u7740\u906d\u6b83&#8230; &raquo; <a class=\"read-more-link\" href=\"http:\/\/blue.yn.cn\/?p=69\">\u9605\u8bfb\u5168\u6587<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-69","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-iptables"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/blue.yn.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/69","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/blue.yn.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/blue.yn.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/blue.yn.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/blue.yn.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=69"}],"version-history":[{"count":13,"href":"http:\/\/blue.yn.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/69\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":91,"href":"http:\/\/blue.yn.cn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/69\/revisions\/91"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/blue.yn.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=69"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/blue.yn.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=69"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/blue.yn.cn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=69"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}